AM真菌对石漠化地区桑树的促生及养分调控作用  

Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Nutrient Exchange in Mulberry Plant in Rocky Desertification Areas

作　　者：王岩 邢丹[1] 宋拉拉 韩世玉[1] 陈廷速 WANG Yan;XING Dan;SONG Lala;HAN Shiyu;CHEN Tingsu(Sericulture Institute,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006,China;Institute of Microbiology,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院蚕业研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [2]广西壮族自治区农业科学院微生物研究所,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2020年第1期7-14,共8页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31460225);农业部专项“现代农业产业技术体系建设”项目(No.CARS-22-SYZ26);贵州蚕业研究所大型科研仪器共享服务后补助专项(No.20185753)

摘　　要：为确定丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhizal,AM)真菌对石漠化地区植物及土壤养分化学计量特征的影响,本研究以石漠化地区经济树种桑树为研究对象,通过模拟石漠化地区季节性干旱,研究水分供应发生变化时,AM真菌对桑树幼苗和土壤中养分调控作用。为模拟石漠化地区季节性干旱,试验设置正常供水和自然干旱2个时期,每个时期均设未接种对照(-M)、接种摩西斗管囊霉(Fm)和接种根内根孢囊霉(Ri)3个处理。桑树收获后,测定植物、土壤中的C、N、P、K含量。结果表明:在正常供水、自然干旱2个时期,接菌处理对桑树幼苗的促生效果显著,干旱胁迫发生之后,Ri菌种与桑树的亲和性、促生效果均强于Fm菌种。接菌处理对桑树幼苗N、P营养改善作用尤为明显,无论水分供应条件如何,接菌处理都显著增加桑苗各部分N、P含量。对比土壤养分含量发现,接菌处理增加了土壤有效P含量,降低了土壤中C含量,正常供水条件下,接种Fm、Ri分别使得土壤C含量下降了7.00%和8.55%。对比土壤养分计量比发现,正常供水条件下,接菌处理显著提高了土壤中的碳磷比(C/P)和氮磷比(N/P);干旱胁迫条件下,接菌处理显著增加氮磷比(N/P)。综上所述,石漠地区发生季节性干旱时,AM真菌可以影响桑树对C、N、P养分吸收和分配,依据水分供应的变化和对养分资源需求的不同,调控土壤、植物体中C、N、P配比。To determine the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)on the nutrient exchange in the plant soil system in rocky desertification areas,the effects of inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the nutrient content,stoichiometry of plant and soil were studied by simulating seasonal drought in rocky desertification areas.Two periods of normal water supply and natural drought were set up for Fm and Ri treatment.Mulberry was harvested after growth for 90 d,and the content of C,N,P and K in the plant and soil was measured.AMF could effectively enhance the growth of mulberry seedlings in the two periods.After the occurrence of drought stress,the growth promoting effect of Ri and its adaptability to mulberry was better than that of Fm.Drought stress reduced the content of C,N,P and K in mulberry seedlings.The mineral nutrition in the seedling was improved by AMF,especially for N and P.The C content in the root and stem of the seedling was significantly reduced.Under normal water supply conditions,the soil C content after Fm and Ri application decreased by 7.00%and 8.55%respectively.Under drought stress,the content of available N,P and K in the soil significantly increased after Fm and Ri application,but under normal water supply,the content of available N,P and K in soil decreased.AMF also inreased C/P and N/P ratio under drought stress.In summary,AMF could affect the absorption and distribution of C,N and P nutrient of mulberry tree and the coordination of plant soil system in C,N and P according to the changes of water supply and demand of nutrient resources.

关 键 词：丛枝菌根真菌 石漠化 干旱胁迫 化学计量比 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]