甘蔗育种经济权重选择指数法的应用研究Ⅰ.目标性状经济权重模型的构建  

Applied Research on Selection Index Method Based on the Economic Weight in Sugarcane Breeding Program Ⅰ. Establishment of Economic Weight Model for Target Traits

作　　者：杨昆[1,2] 赵俊[1,2] 覃伟[1,2] 范源洪 陈学宽[1,2] 吴才文[1,2] 赵丽萍[1,2] 姚丽[1,2] 刘家勇[1,2] 赵培方[1,2] 昝逢刚[1,2] YANG Kun;ZHAO Jun;QIN Wei;FAN Yuanhong;CHEN Xuekuan;WU Caiwen;ZHAO Liping;YAO Li;LIU Jiayong;ZHAO Peifang;ZAN Fenggang(Sugarcane Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kaiyuan,Yunnan 661699,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement,Kaiyuan,Yunnan 661699,China;Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan 650100,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所,云南开远661699 [2]云南省甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室,云南开远661699 [3]云南农业大学,云南昆明650100

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2020年第1期24-34,共11页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：云南省科技人才和平台计划项目(No.2018HB081);云南省甘蔗产业技术体系;云南省甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室开放课题(No.2018DG018-4)

摘　　要：选育及推广应用甘蔗良种能带给蔗糖产业最大化的经济效益,从市场经济的角度客观高效地筛选和评价甘蔗品种对蔗糖生产的可持续发展具有重要意义。本研究旨在对甘蔗的多个目标性状进行经济权重模型的构建,客观评价目标性状的相对重要性,为完善甘蔗育种评价体系和甘蔗良种的推广应用奠定基础。依据云南省18家糖厂3个榨季的调查问卷数据和云南省多年从事甘蔗生产的农户及农场管理人员的调研反馈数据,对整个蔗糖产业各个环节进行成本核算,计算不同经济性状的经济权重,获得了如下主要结果:(1)构建了甘蔗11个育种目标性状的经济权重模型,包括3个直接目标性状(蔗茎产量、甘蔗蔗糖分、纤维分),8个间接目标性状(茎径、有效茎、株高、蒲心、脱叶性、57号毛群、侧芽、芽突起程度);(2)基于新植产量63 t/hm^2、糖分12.5%、纤维分12.0%和甘蔗1 a新植2 a宿根生产周期总产量170.73 t/hm^2的条件下,每吨糖的总生产成本为4643.99元,蔗农的生产成本占总成本的68.15%,糖厂的生产成本占总成本的31.85%;当每吨甘蔗的收购价格为440元时,蔗农每吨甘蔗的收益为44.38元,当市场糖价突破每吨糖5000元时,糖厂每吨糖的收益超过356.01元;(3)基于目前人工收获生产模式条件下,甘蔗11个目标性状的绝对经济权重值为:蔗茎产量(t/hm^2)37.95元、商业糖分(%)328.44元、纤维分(%)−22.28元、茎径(cm)320元、有效茎(条/m2)−80元、株高(cm)0元、蒲心(分级)−760元、脱叶性(分级)−320元、57号毛群(分级)−160元、侧芽(分级)−159.82元、芽突起程度(分级)−63.26元;(4)结合性状遗传增益的分析得到11目标性状的相对经济权重值,依次为商业糖分400.99元、蔗茎产量130.51元、茎径36.93元、株高0元、芽突起程度−5.22元、纤维分−8.25元、脱叶性−21.15元、侧芽−24.30元、有效茎−28.61元、毛群−30.72元、蒲心�Maximizing economic benefits could be realized by selection and application of nice sugarcane varieties in the whole sugar industry.Efficient screening and evaluation of sugarcane varieties on the perspective of market economy is of great significance for the sustainable development of sugar production.This study was conducted to establish the economic weight models of multiple traits and evaluate relative importance of these traits so that to provide a base for improving breeding evaluation efficiency and application of nice sugarcane varieties in sugarcane industry.The cost accounting for all aspects of the whole sugar industry was estimated,based on the survey data of three milling seasons from eighteen sugar mills and the feedback data from some experiential farmers who had engaged in sugarcane production for many years in Yunnan Province.The models of economic weight for different economic traits of sugarcane were established and their relative importance were analyzed according to their relative values of economic weight respectively.The main results were as follows:(1)the models of economic weight for eleven target traits were established,including three direct target traits(cane yield,sucrose content and fiber content),and eight indirect target traits(stalk diameter,millable stalks per hectare,stalk height,pithiness,trashiness,hairiness,side shoot and protruded bud).(2)The total cost per ton of sugar was 4643.99 yuan assuming production system parameters described above(plant crop yield=63 t/hm^2,sugar content=12.5%,fiber=12.0%,and total production=170.73 t/hm^2,including one plant crop and two ratoon crops)as a baseline.The production cost for sugarcane grower and sugar mill accounted for 68.15%and 31.85%of the total cost respectively.When the purchase price of sugarcane per ton of cane was 440 yuan,the profit of the farmer per ton of cane was 44.38 yuan.However,when the price of sugar per ton in the market exceeded 5000 yuan,the profit of the sugar mill per ton of sugar was more than 356.01 yuan.(3)Curr

关 键 词：甘蔗 目标性状 经济权重模型 选择指数 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]