负压波泄漏监测技术在清管器定位中的应用  

Application of Negative Pressure Wave Leakage Detection Technology in Pig Positioning

作　　者：王洪超[1,2] 王立坤 张弢甲[1,2] 李柏成 韩峰 施宁 谭贤君 WANG Hongchao;WANG Likun;ZHANG Taojia;LI Baicheng;HAN Feng;SHI Ning;TAN Xianjun(Petro China Pipeline R&D Center,Langfang 065000,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Pipeline Safety,Langfang 065000,China;China Petroleum Pipeline International Ltd.,Co.,Beijing 100038,China;Qinhuangdao Water Supply Co.,Ltd.,Qinhuangdao 066000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油管道科技研究中心,河北廊坊065000 [2]油气管道输送安全国家工程实验室,河北廊坊065000 [3]中油国际管道有限公司,北京100038 [4]秦皇岛市自来水有限公司,河北秦皇岛066000

出　　处：《自动化仪表》2020年第1期33-36,共4页Process Automation Instrumentation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划基金资助项目(2016YFC0802103)

摘　　要：长输管道在输送油品过程中,油品中含有的石蜡、胶质和其他杂质等会不断沉积在管道内壁,增加管道运行阻力,降低输送效率。为了保证管道输送顺畅,防止管内杂质过多影响输送安全,需要定期开展清管作业。然而清管器在管道中运行时,受内部结蜡、杂质和积水等影响,运行阻力时大时小,会引起清管管段上、下游出现相位相反的压力波动,触发负压波泄漏监测系统产生较多误报警。利用压力波动相位相反的特点,可以区分因清管器运行和管道泄漏引起的压力波动,并计算出压力波动到达上、下游的时间差,进而利用负压波定位原理计算出清管器位置。该方法既可以提升现有的负压波监测系统的报警准确率,又可以在无需增加通过指示器等额外硬件的条件下,通过检测清管器运行阻力的实时变化,计算出清管器在管道中运行的位置。In the process of oil transportation in long distance pipeline,the paraffin wax,colloid and other impurities in oil will deposit on the inner wall of pipeline,which can increase the resistance of pipeline operation and reduce the transportation efficiency.In order to prevent excessive impurities in the pipeline from affecting the safety of transportation,regular pigging operations are needed.When the pig is running in the pipeline,the running resistance is changing with the internal wax,impurities and water accumulation causing pressure fluctuation which can propagate to the ends of the cleaned pipe segment and then cause negative pressure wave leakage detection system to mistakenly alarm.The pressure fluctuation which transmits to the upstream is of the opposite phase from the pressure fluctuation transmitting to the downstream.The feature of opposite phase can be used to distinguish pressure fluctuation caused by leakage in pipeline and calculate the time difference of pressure fluctuation reaching the ends between upstream and downstream.And then,the position of pig can be calculated by using the negative pressure wave localization in the pipeline.This method can improve alarm accuracy of negative pressure wave monitoring system without adding additional hardware.Also the method can detect the changes of the running resistance and locate the position of the pig.

关 键 词：管道 清管器 运行阻力 负压波 泄漏监测 相位 时间差 定位 

分 类 号：TH49[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]