美国智库的成果传播及其对北极决策的影响——以传统基金会、卡内基国际和平基金会和外交关系委员会为例  

Research Achievement Communication of U.S.Think Tanks and Its Influence on Arctic Decision-making: Research Based on the Heritage Foundation, the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and the Council on Foreign Relations

作　　者：黄雯[1] 温芳芳 Huang Wen;Wen Fangfang(School of Politics and Public Administration,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072;Library Department,Zhejiang University of Finance&Economics,Hangzhou 310018;Institute of Documentation and Information,Zhejiang University of Finance&Economics,Hangzhou 310018)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学政治与公共管理学院,武汉430072 [2]浙江财经大学图书馆,杭州310018 [3]浙江财经大学文献信息研究所,杭州310018

出　　处：《情报杂志》2020年第2期27-34,共8页Journal of Intelligence

基　　金：南北极环境综合考察与评估国家重大专项课题“极地国家政策研究”(编号:CHINARE2016-04-05-05);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“中国参与极地治理战略研究”(编号:14JZD032)的阶段性成果;海国图智研究院2018招标课题“美国对‘冰上丝绸之路’倡议的认知与中国的应对”的资助

摘　　要：[目的/意义]智库在美国政策制定过程中扮演重要角色,能够通过多种方式影响决策者的政策偏好和决策选择。研究美国智库影响北极决策的先进经验可以为中国智库提升政策影响力提供借鉴。[方法/过程]选取传统基金会、卡内基国际和平基金会和外交关系委员会三个有代表性的从事北极非传统安全问题研究的美国智库进行考察,三家智库通过对北极问题的长期跟踪研究,满足北极决策需要的研究内容以及多元化的传播策略,积极推动研究成果的传播,以影响北极决策。[结果/结论]智库的研究密切配合美国北极实践的情势变化,其观点和建议对官方决策产生了重要影响。中国外交智库可从四个方面借鉴美国智库的经验,提升研究成果的传播能力。包括:树立科学的成果传播观念;研究选题密切结合国家战略需要;统筹利用各类传播渠道;加快成果的国际传播。[Purpose/Significance]Think tanks play an important role in the process of policy making in America.And as the meanwhile,they influence policy makers'preferences and decision choices in a variety of ways.Studying the advanced experiences of U.S.think tanks in influencing Arctic decision-making could provide a reference for Chinese think tanks enhancing policy influences.[Method/Process]This paper selects three representative U.S.think tanks,which are engaged in the study of non-traditional security issues in the Arctic,including the Heritage Foundation,the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and the Council on Foreign Relations.The three think tanks affect Arctic decision-making through long-term follow-up research on Arctic issues,research content which meet Arctic decision-making needs,and diversified communication strategies to actively promote the communication of research achievement.[Result/Conclusion]The researches of think tanks closely match the changes in the Arctic,and their views and suggestions have had a significant impact on official decision-making.For Chinese think tanks,we can learn the experiences from American think tanks in the following four aspects to enhance the communication capability of research achievement,including:establishing a scientific concept of communication of research achievement;matching research topics closely related to national strategic needs;making overall use of various channels of communication;and accelerating the international communication of research achievement.

关 键 词：美国智库 智库成果 北极政策 北极决策 非传统安全事务 传播力 

分 类 号：D820[政治法律—政治学]