日本米虾胚胎发育及离体孵化  

Embryonic Development of Caridina japonica and in vitro Incubation of Its Fertilized Eggs

作　　者：曹林泉 秦政 姜玉声 刘鑫 李晓东 林源 黄楷涛 刘胥 CAO Linquan;QIN Zheng;JIANG Yusheng;LIU Xin;LI Xiaodong;LIN Yuan;HUANG Kaitao;LIU Xu(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023;Research and Development Center,Panjin Guanghe Crab Industrial Company Ltd,Panjin 124200;Liaoning Provincial Aquatic Seeds Management Bureau,Dalian 116015)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,大连116023 [2]盘锦光合蟹业有限公司研发中心,盘锦124200 [3]辽宁省水产苗种管理局,大连116015

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2020年第1期145-152,共8页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：辽宁省高等学校海洋产业技术研究院项目;辽宁省海洋与渔业厅计划项目(2015013);大连市杰出青年科技人才项目(2017RJ10);大连海洋大学蔚蓝英才工程资助项目共同资助。

摘　　要：本研究采用自制离体孵化装置,对日本米虾(Caridina japonica)不同发育期胚胎进行离体孵化研究,结果显示,水温为25.5℃时,日本米虾受精卵孵化大约需要25 d,发育积温为637.5℃。胚胎发育历经受精卵、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠胚期、前无节幼体期、后无幼体期、前溞状幼体期和膜内溞状幼体期8个时期。各期离体胚胎均能孵化出幼体,膜内溞状幼体期离体胚胎孵化率最高,为(80.7±2.4)%,非离体孵化的对照组为(79.1±4.9)%,二者差异不显著;卵裂期离体胚胎孵化率最低,为(28.2±2.6)%,与对照组差异显著。各组离体胚胎所孵化出的Ⅰ期(ZⅠ)和Ⅱ期溞状幼体(ZⅡ)的变态率无显著差异。温度对日本米虾前溞状幼体期胚胎离体孵化影响显著,在15.0℃~32.5℃范围内,随水温升高孵化时间逐渐缩短,15.0℃时,前溞状幼体离体孵化时间为(436.8±124.8)h,32.5℃时缩短至(228.0±88.8)h,但温度高于29.0℃时,孵化出的幼体变态率开始下降。本研究可为日本米虾繁殖生物学及甲壳动物胚胎离体孵化技术研究提供参考。In this study,Caridina japonica eggs at different developmental stages were incubated in vitro within a self-made incubator.The goal was to provide a reference for research on C.japonica reproductive biology and crustacean embryo in vitro hatching technology.The results showed that C.japonica fertilized eggs took about 25 days to hatch into larvae at a water temperature of 25.5℃ and the developmental accumulated temperature reaches about 637.5℃.The embryonic development went through eight stages:Fertilized eggs,cleavage stage,blastula stage,gastrula stage,embryonized nauplius stage,embryonized metanauplius stage,embryonized protozoea stage,and embryonized zoea stage.The embryos at different developmental stages could hatch to zoea larvae and can develop normally.The maximum in vitro hatching rate was(80.7±2.4)%found in eggs at embryonized zoea stage,which was not significantly different from that observed in normal ovigerous females(79.1±4.9)%.The minimum in vitro hatching rate was(28.2±2.6)%,found in eggs at cleavage stage,which was significantly lower than that of normal ovigerous females.Water temperature had a marked effect on embryonic development using in vitro hatching method.Incubation time gradually decreased with increasing temperature at a range from 15.0℃ to 32.5℃,i.e.,where(436.8±124.8)h at 15.0℃,(228.0±88.8)h at 32.5℃.However,the metamorphosis rate from ZⅠ to ZⅡ began to decline when water temperature exceeded 29.0℃.

关 键 词：日本米虾 胚胎发育 离体孵化 温度 

分 类 号：S966.12[农业科学—水产养殖]