微米气室铯原子自旋噪声谱  

Spin noise spectroscopy of cesium vapor in micron-scale cell

作　　者：郭志超 张桐耀 张靖[1,2] Guo Zhi-Chao;Zhang Tong-Yao;Zhang Jing(State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices,Institute of Opto-Electronics,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学光电研究所,量子光学与光量子器件国家重点实验室,太原030006 [2]山西大学,极端光学协同创新中心,太原030006

出　　处：《物理学报》2020年第3期257-263,共7页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(批准号:2016YFA0301602);国家自然科学基金(批准号:61574087)资助的课题~~

摘　　要：利用自旋噪声谱技术研究了无缓冲气体133Cs原子气室的自旋动力学和展宽机制.在宏观原子气室中,自旋弛豫速率失谐频率谱的线型为高斯分布;在空间局域较强的微米气室中,自旋弛豫速率失谐频率谱的线型为洛伦兹分布.实验测量得到的自旋弛豫速率失谐频率谱的展宽约4 GHz,明显大于宏观原子气室中约度强烈依赖于激光相对于原子共振跃迁的频率失谐;在微米气室中,由于较强的均匀展宽,总噪声的失谐频率谱中心处出现明显的凹陷.通过建立简化的物理模型来计算微米气室的展宽机制,在实验与理论中解释了原子的均匀展宽特性.In this paper,the spin dynamics and broadening mechanism of cesium vapor in cells without buffer gas is investigated by means of spin noise spectroscopy.In a macro atomic vapor cell,the lineshape of detuning frequency spectrum of spin relaxation rate is of Gaussian distribution.For a micron-scaled vapor cell with strong spatial locality,the lineshape of detuning frequency spectrum of spin relaxation rate is of Lorentzian distribution.The parameter dependence of detuning frequency spectrum of spin relaxation rate,such as temperature,is studied quantitatively.The detuning frequency spectrum of the spin relaxation rate is measured experimentally to be broadened by-4 GHz,which is obviously larger than the unhomogeneous Doppler broadening of-500 MHz for a macro atomic vapor cell.At the same time,the detuning frequency spectrum of total noise in the two atomic vapor cells is studied.In the macro atomic vapor cell,the total noise intensity strongly relies on the detuning frequency of the laser with respect to the atomic resonance transition.In the micron-scaled vapor cell,due to the strong homogeneous broadening,the center of the detuning frequency spectrum of the total noise is observed to dip.Finally,a simplified physical model is established to compute the broadening of the micron-scaled vapor cell.The homogeneous broadening of atoms is explained experimentally and theoretically in the micron-scaled vapor cell.

关 键 词：自旋噪声谱 自旋动力学 自旋弛豫速率 均匀展宽 

分 类 号：O562[理学—原子与分子物理]