垄沟填埋秸秆对SSC番茄生长及其微环境的影响  

Effects of Straw Embeded in Furrow Soil on Tomato Growth and Microenvironment

作　　者：杨佳佳 刘义飞 刘文科 YANG Jiajia;LIU Yifei;LIU Wenke(The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High Efficiency and Superior-Quality Cultivation and Fruit Deep Processing Technology of Characteristic Fruit Trees in South Xinjiang,College of Plant Science,Tarim University,Alar Xinjiang 843300,China;Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Waste Management of Agricultural Structures of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学植物科学学院,南疆特色果树高效优质栽培与深加工技术国家地方联合工程实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,农业农村部设施农业节能与废弃物处理重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2020年第1期75-82,共8页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划资助项目(2017BY085);中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项(BSRF201702);塔里木大学研究生创新项目(TDGRI201814)~~

摘　　要：探究填埋不同配比鸡粪秸秆复合发酵物对设施蔬菜根区温度及CO2释放的影响,为复合秸秆发酵物在冬季日光温室蔬菜栽培的应用提供理论依据。以番茄为供试材料,共设置9个处理,未填埋秸秆(CK),番茄秸秆∶鸡粪=5∶1(均为质量比)(S1)、6∶1(S2)、7∶1(S3)、8∶1(S4),玉米秸秆∶鸡粪=5∶1(T1)、6∶1(T2)、7∶1(T3)、8∶1(T4)以垄沟填埋的方式施入土壤,对番茄根区温度、CO2释放及番茄的生长进行测定。结果表明:与CK相比,S2处理和T4处理的根区温度表现最好,比CK最低温度和最高温度分别提高1.93℃、1.63℃和2.78℃、1.53℃;S2处理的平均CO2释放量显著高于CK和其他处理,并较CK提高37.37%;S2处理能够促进番茄生长,主要表现在提高了番茄的株高、茎粗、叶片数、叶片叶绿素SPAD值和番茄生物量。综上,以提高根区温度为目的时,填埋比例为番茄秸秆∶鸡粪=6∶1和玉米秸秆∶鸡粪=8∶1时效果最好;以产生CO2和促进植株生长为目的时,填埋比例为番茄秸秆∶鸡粪=6∶1时效果最好。To explore the effects of chicken manure and various fermentation mixtures with different ratios on root zone temperature and CO2 release of protected vegetables,and to provide theoretical basis for the application of compound straw fermentation in winter solar greenhouse vegetable cultivation.Nine treatments including tomato straw∶chicken manure=5∶1(S1),6∶1(S2),7∶1(S3),8∶1(S4),corn straw∶chicken manure=5∶1(T1),6∶1(T2),7∶1(T3),8∶1(T4)and,and without straw application(CK)was served as the control.The fermentation mixtures were embedded in furrow soil of soil-ridged cultivation mode in Chinese solar greenhouse tomato in winter.The root zone temperature,CO2 release,and tomato growth were measured.Resulted show that the root zone temperature of S2 and T4 was the best performance,and the minimum and maximum temperature were increased by 1.93℃ and 1.63℃ for S2 and 2.78℃ and 1.53℃ for T4 comparted the counterparts of CK.The S2 treatment had the highest average CO2 release which was 37.37% higher than that of CK.The treatment S2 promoted the growth of tomato,which was mainly manifested in the increase of plant height,stem diameter,leaf number,chlorophyll SPAD value and tomato biomass.To sum up,in order to increase the root zone temperature,the recommended ratio was tomato straw∶chicken manure=6∶1 or corn straw∶chicken manure=8∶1,however,in order to produce CO2 and promote plant growth,the best ratio was tomato straw∶chicken manure=6∶1.

关 键 词：日光温室 复合秸秆发酵物 根区温度 CO2释放 番茄生长 

分 类 号：S626.5[农业科学—园艺学]