孕穗期冷水胁迫下施用γ-氨基丁酸对寒地粳稻氮光合效率的调控效应  

Effect of γ-aminobutyric acid on nitrogen photosynthetic efficiency in cold-region japonica rice under cold water stress at booting stage

作　　者：贾琰 任鹏飞 赵宏伟[1] 邹德堂 王晋 杨亮[2] JIAYan;REN Pengfei;ZHAO Hongwei;ZOU Detang;WANG Jin;YANG Liang(Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement,Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region,Ministry of Education,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;School of Agriculture,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Beidahuang Kenfeng Seed Industry Co.,Ltd.,Harbin 150431,China)

机构地区：[1]寒地粮食作物种质创新与生理生态教育部重点实验室,东北农业大学,哈尔滨150030 [2]东北农业大学农学院,哈尔滨150030 [3]北大荒垦丰种业股份有限公司,哈尔滨150431

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2020年第1期1-12,共12页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0300406）;国家科技重大专项和重点研发项目省级资助项目（GX18B050）

摘　　要：以生育期相近粳稻品种东农428和松粳10为试验材料,研究孕穗期冷水胁迫下施用外源γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)对寒地粳稻功能叶片氮光合效率及产量的调控效应,为制定有效抵御低温冷害化控栽培技术提供理论依据。结果表明,外源GABA主要通过提高松粳10剑叶光保护能力提高其光合效率;通过缓解低温胁迫对东农428剑叶光损伤程度,提高光保护能力进而提高其光合效率。孕穗期冷水胁迫下寒地粳稻剑叶OsGS1;1、OsGS1;2、OsGS1;3及OsGAD2表达量上调,与植物冷应激反应有关。OsNADH-GOGAT、OsGDH1和OsGDH3表达量上调、OsFd-GOGAT表达量显著下调,谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)活性显著上升,说明孕穗期冷水胁迫抑制剑叶光呼吸过程中谷氨酰胺合成酶/谷氨酸合酶(GS/GOGAT)循环代谢,促进质体中GS/GOGAT循环及谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)途径中铵(NH4+)同化代谢。孕穗期冷水胁迫下施用GABA(4.5 mmol·L^-1)促使寒地粳稻剑叶OsGS2、OsFd-GOGAT和OsNADH-GOGAT表达量下调;但OsGS1;3、OsGDH3和OsGAD2表达量上调,GS、GDH及谷氨酸脱羧酶(GAD)活性显著升高,使谷氨酸(Glu)家族氨基酸含量显著上升,如抗逆氨基酸GABA、脯氨酸(Pro)、Glu等,避免高NH4+毒害,提高寒地粳稻耐冷性。Two japonica rice varieties Dongnong428 and Songjing10 with a similar growth period and different cold tolerance were used in this study.The regulation of exogenousγ-Aminobutyric acid(GABA)on nitrogen photosynthetic efficiency and yield in cold-region japonica rice under cold water stress at booting stage were also investigated in this study.By adjusting the concentration of exogenous GABA,it could thus improve rice cold tolerance,which was meaningful guidance of cold�region japonica rice cultivation and provide a scientific basis and foundation for the establishment of effective cultivation mode against chilling damage.The results showed that improving the light protection capacity,the capacity of photosynthesis was improved of flag leaf in Songjing 10 under exogenous GABA treatment,alleviating the degree of light damage and improving the light protection capacity,the photosynthetic capacity of Dongnong428 was improved.OsGS1;1,OsGS1;2,OsGS1;3 and OsGAD2 expression of flag leaves in cold-region japonica rice were up-regulated under cold-water stress at booting stages,which were related to the cold stress response.While OsNADH-GOGAT,OsGDH1 and OsGDH3 expression of flag leaf in cold-region japonica rice were up-regulated,but OsFd-GOGAT expression were down-regulated,GS activity significantly increased,indicating that cold-water stress at booting stage inhibited GS/GOGAT cycle metabolism in photorespiration,promoted GS/GOGAT cycle and GDH pathway metabolism in plastid.Compared with the cold-water stress at booting stage,OsGS2,OsFd-GOGAT and OsNADH-GOGAT expressions of flag leaves in cold-region rice were down-regulated under exogenous of the optimum concentration of GABA(4.5 mmol·L^-1),however,OsGS1;3,OsGDH3 and OsGAD2 expression were up-regulated,and GS,GDH and GAD activities were significantly increased.On the one hand,the content of amino acid in Glu family increased significantly,could be Glu family amino acid content increased significantly,such as GABA,Pro and Glu,on the other hand,it could avoid the high

关 键 词：孕穗期 冷水胁迫 寒地粳稻 Γ-氨基丁酸 氮光合效率 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]