乙烯处理对树莓果实呼吸速率及乙烯合成代谢的影响  

Effect of ethylene treatment on respiration rate and ethylene anabolism of raspberry fruit

作　　者：杨国慧 辛月岩 麻世琳 韩德果 李铁梅 范珍珠 王佳明 YANG Guohui;XIN Yueyan;MA Shilin;HAN Deguo;LI Tiemei;FAN Zhenzhu;WANG Jiaming(School of Horticulture and Landscape,Northeast Agricultural University,Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement Horticultural Crops(Northeast Region),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学园艺园林学院农业农村部东北地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2020年第1期33-41,64,共10页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目（JJ2019LH0510）

摘　　要：采集不同成熟期(绿果期、白果期、着色期、成熟期、过熟期)“哈瑞太兹”树莓果实,并利用乙烯利及乙烯抑制剂1-MCP处理白果期果实,测定上述果实不同部位(整果、小核果和花托)乙烯生成速率、呼吸速率、ACC合成酶(ACS)和ACC氧化酶(ACO)活性及RiACS1和RiACO1基因相对表达量变化。结果表明,花托是树莓果实中产生乙烯的主要部位,果实食用部分小核果乙烯生成和呼吸速率在果实发育期间变化平稳,同时结合树莓果实采后无后熟、常温贮存后易腐烂的特性,推测树莓应属于非跃变型果实。乙烯利处理促进树莓果实提前着色,整果、小核果和花托乙烯生成速率短时内增加,ABA含量显著增加,提高ACS和ACO酶活性及RiACS1和RiACO1基因转录水平,而1-MCP抑制此过程。乙烯利处理对呼吸速率影响较小,但1-MCP处理显著抑制小核果和花托中的呼吸速率。The fruits of raspberry cultivar‘Heritage’at different developmental stages(large green,white,mottled,ripe and overripe)were collected and the fruits at white stage were treated with ethephon and ethylene inhibitor 1-MCP.The changes of ethylene production rate,the respiration rate,the activities of ACC synthase(ACS),ACC oxidase(ACO),the relative expressions of RiACS1 and RiACO1 genes in different parts(fruit with receptacle,drupelets and receptacle)of fruit were measured.The results showed that the receptacle was the main part of raspberry fruits for producing ethylene,but the changes of the ethylene production rate and respiration rate of the drupelets(a edible part of the fruit),were relatively steady in fruit development.At the same time,combined with the characteristics of postharvest without after-ripening and rotted quickly stored at room temperature,raspberry should belong to non-climacteric fruits.Ethephon treatment could not only cause premature coloration for fruits,but also increased the ethylene production rate of fruits,drupelets and receptacle within a short time,and significantly increased in ABA content,as well as the enzyme activities of ACS and ACO,and the transcription levels of RiACS1 and RiACO1 gene.While 1-MCP could inhibit these processes basically.Treatments of ethephon had few effects on respiratory rate,while treatment of 1-MCP significantly inhibited respiration rate in drupeletes and receptacle.

关 键 词：树莓 乙烯生成速率 呼吸速率 酶活性 RiACS1 RiACO1 

分 类 号：S663.9[农业科学—果树学]