辽东湾西北部海域沉积物重金属含量分析及污染评价  

Heavy Metal Content Analysis and Pollution Evaluation in the Northwest Area of Liaodong Bay

作　　者：段一明 张戈[1] 于大涛[2] DUAN Yiming;ZHANG Ge;YU Datao(Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116029,China;National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center,Dalian 116029,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学,大连116029 [2]国家海洋环境监测中心,大连116029

出　　处：《海洋开发与管理》2020年第1期39-45,共7页Ocean Development and Management

基　　金：辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目(L16CGL009);国家海洋局海域管理技术重点实验室基金(201611)

摘　　要：为了解辽东湾西北部海域沉积物重金属的分布特征及污染程度,文章基于2017年3月辽东湾西北部12个采样站位表层沉积物7种重金属含量(Hg、Cu、Pb、Cd、Zn、Cr、As)的测定,对辽东湾西北部海洋沉积物中的重金属进行了研究。SPSS用于沉积物中重金属含量统计分析并通过地累积指数和潜在生态风险指数的方法评估重金属污染和生态危害的程度。结果显示:(1)辽东湾西北部沉积物重金属含量平均值只有Cd符合海洋沉积物一类标准,变异程度由高到低依次为Hg、Cd、As、Zn、Pb、Cu,汞和镉受人为来源控制最高;(2)地累积指数法评价结果表明重金属元素污染程度由大到小依次为Hg、Cd、Zn、As、Cu、Pb;(3)潜在生态风险指数法评价结果表明,单因子潜在生态风险系数由高到低依次为Hg、Cd、As、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr,Hg具有很强的生态风险,综合生态风险指数在233.77~4785.15,平均1224.12,处于很强的生态风险水平。文章揭示了辽东湾西北部海域沉积物重金属的分布特征,为该海域的生态环境建设提供依据。In order to understand the distribution characteristics and pollution degree of heavy metals in sediments,heavy metals in marine sediments in the northwest Liaodong bay were studied based on the determination of 7 heavy metals(Hg,Cu,Pb,Cd,Zn,Cr,As)in surface sediments at12 sampling stations in the northwest of Liaodong bay in March 2017.SPSS was used for the statistical analysis of heavy metal content in sediments and to evaluate the degree of heavy metal pollution and ecological harm through the method of ground accumulation index and potential ecological risk index.The results showed that:(1)only Cd in the average heavy metal content of sediments in the northwest of Liaodong bay met the standard of marine sediments,and the variation degree from high to low was Hg,Cd,As,Zn,Pb,Cu,the mercury and cadmium were the most controlled by human sources.(2)the evaluation results of the cumulative index method showed that the pollution degree of heavy metal elements from high to low was Hg,Cd,Zn,As,Cu,Pb.(3)the evaluation results of potential ecological risk index method,which showed that the potential ecological risk coefficient of single factor from high to low was Hg,Cd,As,Cu,Pb,Zn,Cr.Hg has strong ecological risk,and the comprehensive ecological risk index was between 233.77 and 4785.15,with an average of 1224.12,which was at a strong ecological risk level.The paper revealed the distribution characteristics of heavy metals in sediments in the northwest of Liaodong bay,which provided a basis for the ecological environment construction in this area.

关 键 词：辽东湾 沉积物 重金属 污染评价 生态环境 

分 类 号：P76[天文地球—海洋科学]