土壤有机污染阻控与高效修复用纳米材料与技术研究  

Research Progress of Nano materials and Nano tech ologies for the Mitigation and Efficient Remedi tion of Organic Pollutants・conlaminated Soils

作　　者：林道辉[1] 高娟[2] 王祥科[3] 杨坤[1] 钱林波[2] 方国东[2] 周东美[2] 陈梦舫[2] 孙建腾 侯杰[1] Lin Daohui;Gao Juan;Wang Xiangke;Yang Kun;Qian Linbo;Fang Guodong;Zhou Dongmei;Chen Mengfang;Sun Jianteng;Hou Jie(Department of Environmental Science,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058;Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008;College of Environmental Science and Technology,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206;College of Environment,Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology,Maoming 525000)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境科学系,杭州310058 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008 [3]华北电力大学环境科学与工程学院,北京102206 [4]广东石油化工学院环境学院,茂名525000

出　　处：《中国基础科学》2019年第4期35-42,共8页China Basic Science

基　　金：研究资助:国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFA0207000)。

摘　　要：我国土壤环境质量总体不容乐观,局部地区污染严重,急需研发经济、高效、绿色的修复材料与技术.一些纳米材料相比常规材料具有优越的物理化学属性和反应活性,能够与重金属和有机污染物发生强烈的吸附与氧化还原作用,有望用于土壤污染治理.为此,科技部于2017年在国家重点研发计划"纳米科技"重点专项中设立了"用于土壤有机污染阻控与高效修复的纳米材料与技术"项目,旨在研发新型功能纳米材料及其宏量制备技术,阐明其阻控/修复土壤有机污染的机制及在土壤中的迁移转化过程与生物生态效应,构建经济、高效、绿色的农田土壤有机污染阻控修复和有机污染场地土壤修复纳米技术,建设示范工程,为我国土壤污染治理提供有自主知识产权的功能材料、适用技术和工程范例.本文概括性地介绍了该项目实施两年来所取得的重要进展,主要包括有机污染农田土壤阻控修复用纳米材料与技术、有机污染场地土壤/地下水修复用纳米材料与技术、纳米材料与有机污染物复合生物效应与调控利用.In China,the overall quality of soil environment is not satisfactory,and the lands in some local area are heavily polluted,making it urgent to develop economical,efficient,and eco-friendly remediation materials/technologies.Nanomaterials have superior physical/chemical properties and reactivity compared with conventional materials.They can strongly adsorb and/or redox heavy metals as well as organic pollutants,which are expected to be applied in soil remediation.For this reason,the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China set up a national key research and development program"Nano-special Project"entitled " development of nanomaterials and technologies for the mitigation and effective removal of organic pollutants in soil"in 2017.This project was aimed at developing new functional nanomaterials,revealing mechanisms underlying the mitigation/remediation of soil organic pollution,and addressing the migration and transformation processes and the ecological effects of nanomaterials in soil.Economic,efficient,and eco-friendly nanotechnologies will be established for the mitigation and remediation of organic pollution in farmland and contaminated site soils,and demonstration projects will be constructed.In this way,our project can provide functional materials,applicable technologies,and engineering examples for the soil pollution control in China with independent intellectual property rights.In this paper,the important progresses of the project in the past two years are summarized,including the nanomaterials and technologies for the mitigation and remediation of organic pollutants-contaminated farmland soil,the nanomaterials and technologies for the remediati on of organic pollutants-contaminated sites,and the joint biological effects of nanomaterials and organic pollutants along with the principles of regulation and utilization.

关 键 词：土壤污染 纳米材料 修复技术 示范工程 生态效应 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]