重症肺炎儿童患者痰液中的细菌构成及其临床意义  

Composition and clinical significance of bacteria in sputum of children with severe pneumonia

作　　者：许惠敏 马永涛 李杰 XU Hui-min;MA Yong-tao;LI Jie(Children's Hospital of Kaifeng,Kaifeng.Henan 475000,China)

机构地区：[1]开封儿童医院重症科

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2020年第1期93-96,共4页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

摘　　要：目的分析重症肺炎儿童患者痰液中的细菌构成及其临床意义,为临床治疗提供科学依据。方法选取2013年5月-2018年1月开封儿童医院PICU收治的1 136例重症肺炎患儿,对痰标本进行细菌学培养和分离,检测优势菌株及其耐药特性。结果 667份病原菌阳性样本中共检出921株病原菌,以革兰氏阴性菌为主(708株)。不同年龄分段的细菌分布影响不大。春、夏、秋主要以肺炎克雷伯菌和铜绿假单胞杆菌为主,冬季主要以金黄色葡萄球菌为主。肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞杆菌分别对阿米卡里、庆大霉素、环丙沙里(87.86%,83.24%,81.50%)以及头孢他啶、头孢泊肟、头孢西丁(77.18%,77.18%,66.44%)表现出较高的耐药性。金黄色葡萄球菌主要耐受亚胺培南、甲氧苄吹朠胺甲哑唑、利红霉素和头孢西丁(82.68%,73.23%,70.08%,70.08%)。结论重症肺炎儿童的病原菌构成存在明显的季节分布特点,应结合过往经验和耐药情况进行治疗。Objective To observe the influence of intellectual protection training on the neonatal behavioral neurological assessment(NBNA) score of asphyxiated term infants. Methods Totally 79 term infants treated in a tertiary hospital from January to December 2018 were enrolled in this study,and were divided into control group(n=39) and intellectual protection training group(n=40) by random number table.Routine newborn care was given to the control group,while intellectual protection training group received intellectual protection training additionally.NBNA score of two groups were assessed and compared in 3,7,14 and 28 days after birth. Results NBNA score significantly increased in the intellectual protection training group than the control group in 7,14 and 28 days after birth(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the two groups in 3 days after birth.Moreover,the ratios of abnormal NBNA result in intellectual protection training group was significantly higher than those in control group in 14 and 28 days after birth(P<0.05),but the difference was not significant in 7 days after birth. Conclusion It is beneficial to improve the neurodevelopment by insisting on long-term intellectual protection training for asphyxiated term infants.

关 键 词：重症肺炎 细菌 痰液 儿童 

分 类 号：R725[医药卫生—儿科]