梁启超摄取边沁功利主义思想的东学背景  

The Japanese Background of Liang Qichao’s Interpretation of Bentham

作　　者：王晓范[1] Wang Xiaofan

机构地区：[1]浙江大学城市学院日语系

出　　处：《政治思想史》2019年第4期68-78,198,共12页Journal of the History of Political Thought

摘　　要：梁启超主要是通过明治时期日本的文献来接受与理解边沁的功利主义思想的。梁氏参考的文献相当驳杂,内容上存在矛盾之处,反映了日本当时的时代特色。明治日本对边沁功利主义思想的摄取具有很大的局限性,一方面边沁功利主义思想在明治日本受到相当大的曲解,另一方面边沁功利主义思想中最重要的经验论哲学基础被忽略。这些不可避免地对梁启超的边沁功利主义思想摄取造成了重要影响,但梁启超的中国传统文化背景又使其对边沁思想的理解具有自身的独特性。Liang Qichao mainly based his understanding of Bentham’s utilitarianism on Japanese academic references. By the comparison between Liang Qichao’s understanding on Bentham’s Utilitarianism with his original Japanese references and Bentham’s original thoughts,it can be found that the understanding of Bentham’s Utilitarianism in Meiji Japan was highly distorted. Bentham’s thoughts were largely misunderstood,and the most important part of his empirical philosophy on which his theory was based was neglected in Meiji Japan. However,even though these features inevitably exerted large influences on Liang Qichao,Liang’s understanding on Bentham has his own originality,which is mainly based on his traditional Chinese cultural background.

关 键 词：梁启超 边沁功利主义 加藤弘之 小野梓 

分 类 号：D092[政治法律—政治学]