正强化训练对笼养黑叶猴粪便代谢组的影响  

Effect of Positive Reinforcement Training on Feces Metabolome of Caged Fran?ois’ Langur(Trachypithecus francoisi)

作　　者：何鑫[1] 王福云[1] 张秀秀 朱岩[1] HE Xin;WANG Fuyun;ZHANG Xiuxiu;ZHU Yan(Hangzhou Zoo,Hangzhou,310008,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州动物园

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2020年第1期35-41,共7页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

摘　　要：行为训练做一种丰容手段,在圈养野生动物管理中正逐渐运用。其目的是通过正强化刺激,让动物学会指令配合动物管理,从而减少胁迫。然而目前并没有合适的生理指标来评价训练对动物的影响。本实验对象是杭州动物园饲养的2只黑叶猴,通过对其中1只“大杭”个体进行持续30 d的正强化行为训练,训练目标为肌肉注射。通过GC-MS代谢组手段测定粪便所有代谢产物。模型显示,行为训练后大杭粪便代谢组与训练前具有显著的区别(PLS-DA:R^2y=0.951,Q 2=0.502;(O)PLS-DA:R^2y=0.95,Q 2=0.454)。通过差异代谢物和代谢物富集分析发现,代谢物变化通路主要有氨基酸代谢(亮氨酸、异亮氨酸的生物合成及分解途径,甘氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸代谢以及半胱氨酸、蛋氨酸代谢均下调),核酸和能量代谢(丙二酸、嘧啶、肌苷、乳糖代谢在行为训练动物上得到显著增强)。正强化训练可能通过强化动物的主动运动,提高新陈代谢水平来调节动物生理水平。Behavioral training,as a means of enrichment,is used in the management of captive animals to reduce stress by allowing the animal to learn to cooperate with people.However,there are currently no suitable physiological indicators to evaluate the impact of training on animals.In this experiment,we focused on one Fran ois langur(Dahang)at Hangzhou Zoo that was trained for 30 days of positive reinforcement training with the training target being intramuscular injection.The GC-MS metabolome method was used to determine all metabolites in feces.After behavioral training,the fecal metabolome of Dahang changed significantly from baseline levels(PLS-DA:R^2y=0.951,Q 2=0.502;(O)PLS-DA:R^2y=0.95,Q 2=0.454).Through the analysis of differential metabolites and metabolite enrichment pathways,the change of metabolites pathways mainly occurred in amino acid metabolism(biosynthesis and decomposition pathway of leucine and isoleucine,metabolism of glycine,serine and threonine,and metabolism of cysteine and methionine were down-regulated).Nucleic acid and energy metabolism malonic acid,pyrimidine,muscle glycosides and lactose metabolism are typically significantly enhanced in behavioral training animals.Positive reinforcement training affect animal physiology by increasing movements of animals and thereby increasing metabolic levels.

关 键 词：黑叶猴 正强化行为训练 代谢组 

分 类 号：Q958.12[生物学—动物学]