新疆塔里木盆地叶城沙蜥的两性异形  

Sexual Dimorphism in Body Size of Phrynocephalus axillaris in Tarim Basin,Southern Xinjiang,China

作　　者：曹立知 周天海 李俊 牛忠泽 柴永斌 杨维康[1] 徐峰[1] CAO Lizhi;ZHOU Tianhai;LI Jun;NIU Zhongze;CHAI Yongbin;YANG Weikang;XU Feng(CAS Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresources in Arid Land,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi,830011,China;China Research Volunteers,Beijing,100062,China;The High School Affiliated to Renmin University of China,Beijing,100080,China;Beijing No.8 High School,Beijing,100033,China;College of Life Science and Technology,Xinjiang University,Urumqi,830000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,中科院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学考察志愿者联盟,北京100062 [3]中国人民大学附属中学,北京100080 [4]北京市第八中学,北京100033 [5]新疆大学生命科学与技术学院,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2020年第1期182-188,共7页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31560591);中国科学院生物多样性监测研究网络项目(Sino-BON)

摘　　要：叶城沙蜥是一种主要分布于中国新疆南部地区的蜥蜴,通过测量和比较采自新疆塔里木盆地且末县叶城沙蜥的个体大小以及口宽等8个形态特征,研究了叶城沙蜥的两性异形。研究共采集叶城沙蜥62只,其中成年雌性个体27只,雄性个体35只。结果显示:(1)叶城沙蜥雌雄性成体的体长有显著差异,雄性大于雌性,表明叶城沙蜥具有雄性偏大的两性异形模式;(2)叶城沙蜥其他身体形态特征中尾长、腹长和头长3个特征有显著差异,其中雄性的尾长和头长大于雌性,而雌性的腹长大于雄性;(3)叶城沙蜥雌雄性个体间的口宽、眼间距等其他形态特征则没有显著差异。叶城沙蜥的两性异形表现为雄性大于雌性,并且雄性具有更大的头部和更长的尾部,雌性具有更长有腹部,这可能是雄性个体面临的性选择压力与雌性个体面临的繁殖压力共同作用的结果。Yarkand toad-headed agama Phrynocephalus axillaris is mainly distributed in southern parts of Xinjiang in China.We tested the sexual dimorphism in body size of P.axillaris.We collected and measured 62 agamas(27 females and 35 males)from Qiemo County,Tarim Basin,Xinjiang to compare 8 traits including snout-vent length(SVL),mouth width,head width,head height,head length,interorbital distance,abdomen length,and tail length between males and females.SVL was significantly larger for males than for females,showing that P.axillaris displayed male biased sexual size dimorphism.Also,head length and tail length of males was significantly larger than for females,while females had significantly longer abdomens.Other measured traits did not differ between genders.The sexual size dimorphism patterns are male larger than female,ie.male have bigger head and longer tail,while female have longer abdomen.The sexual size dimorphism patterns of the P.axillaris may be shaped by both sexual selection on males and breeding pressures on females.

关 键 词：叶城沙蜥 两性异形 尾长 性选择 蜥蜴 中亚 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]