遮阴对产蛋后期东北白鹅生产性能、蛋品质及血清激素指标的影响  

Effects of Shading on Performance,Egg Quality and Serum Hormone Indexes of Northeast White Geese during Later Laying Period

作　　者：赵旦华 赵秀华[2] 马渭青 王思博 杨季 李满雨[2] 刘国君[2] 许丽[1] ZHAO Danhua;ZHAO Xiuhua;MA Weiqing;WANG Sibo;YANG Ji;LI Manyu;LIU Guojun;XU Li(College of Animal Science and Technology,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Institute of Animal Husbandry,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150086,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧研究所,哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2020年第1期215-223,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家水禽产业技术体系项目(CARS-42-24);哈尔滨市科技创新人才项目(2017RAXYJ021)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究遮阴对产蛋后期东北白鹅生产性能、蛋品质及血清激素指标的影响。选取1年龄产蛋后期东北白鹅804只,随机分为2组,每组6个重复,每个重复67只鹅(55只母鹅和12只公鹅)。对照组为自然环境,遮阴组采用遮阴网进行遮阴,预试期5 d,正试期63 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,遮阴可极显著增加产蛋后期东北白鹅的产蛋量、产蛋率、平均日采食量和平均日产蛋重(P<0.01),并极显著降低料蛋比(P<0.01)。2)与对照组相比,第21天时,遮阴可显著加深蛋黄颜色(P<0.05),并显著降低蛋形指数(P<0.05);第42天时,遮阴可极显著降低蛋白高度和哈氏单位(P<0.01);第63天时,遮阴可极显著提高蛋壳厚度(P<0.01),并显著或极显著降低蛋白高度、蛋形指数和哈氏单位(P<0.05或P<0.01)。3)与对照组相比,第21天时,遮阴可显著或极显著降低血清促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)、催乳素(PRL)、雌二醇(E2)、褪黑素(MT)含量(P<0.05或P<0.01);第42天时,遮阴可显著或极显著降低血清卵泡刺激素(FSH)、PRL、MT含量(P<0.05或P<0.01);第63天时,遮阴可显著或极显著降低血清FSH、PRL和MT含量(P<0.05或P<0.01)。由此可见,在本试验条件下,夏季采用遮阴网遮阴可以改善产蛋后期东北白鹅生产性能和蛋壳质量。The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of shading on performance,egg quality and serum hormone indexes of Northeast white geese during later laying period.A total of 804 one-year-old Northeast white geese during later laying period were randomly divided into 2 groups with 6 replicates per group and 67 geese(55 females and 12 males)per replicate.The control group was fed in the natural environment,and the shading group was fed in shading environment with shading net.The pre-experimental period lasted for 5 d,and the experimental period lasted for 63 d.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the egg production,laying rate,average daily feed intake,average daily egg weight were significantly increased by shading(P<0.01),and the feed to egg ratio was significantly decreased(P<0.01).2)Compared with the control group,on day 21,the yolk color was significantly increased by shading(P<0.05),and the egg shape index significantly decreased(P<0.05);on day 42,the albumen height and Haugh unit were significantly decreased by shading(P<0.01);on day 63,the eggshell thickness was significantly increased by shading(P<0.01),and the albumen height,egg shape index and Haugh unit were significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01).3)Compared with the control group,on day 21,the contents of gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH),prolactin(PRL),estradiol(E2)and melatonin(MT)in serum were significantly decreased by shading(P<0.05 or P<0.01);on day 42,the contents of follicle stimulating hormone(FSH),PRL and MT in serum were significantly decreased by shading(P<0.05 or P<0.01);on day 63,the contents of FSH,PRL and MT in serum were significantly decreased by shading(P<0.05 or P<0.01).In conclusion,under the conditions of this experiment,it is indicated that using shading net in summer can get better performance and eggshell quality of Northeast white geese during later laying period.

关 键 词：东北白鹅 产蛋后期 遮阴 生产性能 蛋品质 激素 

分 类 号：S835[农业科学—畜牧学]