12种麻醉剂对长蛸的麻醉效果  

Anesthetic effects of several anesthetics on Octopus minor

作　　者：朱之发 边力[2,3] 刘心田 常青 阮晓红[2] 陈四清 李凤辉[1,2] 葛建龙[2,3] 刘长琳 ZHU Zhifa;BIAN Li;LIU Xintian;CHANG Qing;RUAN Xiaohong;CHEN Siqing;LI Fenghui;GE Jianlong;LIU Changlin(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266071,China;Weihai Fishery Technology Extension Station,Weihai 264200,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071 [3]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室,海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266071 [4]威海市渔业技术推广站,山东威海264200

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2020年第2期195-203,共9页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家贝类产业技术体系项目(CARS-49)

摘　　要：本研究旨在探讨硫酸镁、乙醇、氯化镁、丁香酚、MS-222、氯化锰、利多卡因、盐酸普鲁卡因、乙二醇苯醚、薄荷醇、苯佐卡因和三氯叔丁醇对长蛸(Octopus minor)成体的麻醉效果。结果表明,在实验浓度下硫酸镁、丁香酚、MS-222、氯化锰、利多卡因、盐酸普鲁卡因、乙二醇苯醚、薄荷醇、苯佐卡因和三氯叔丁醇对长蛸无麻醉作用。在0.2~0.6 mL/L乙二醇苯醚、0.05 g/L和0.06 g/L薄荷醇、0.5 g/L苯佐卡因、40μL/L丁香酚和50~500 mg/L MS-222浓度的溶液中,长蛸出现中毒现象。2 mL/L乙醇和2 g/L氯化镁溶液对长蛸无麻醉作用;6~40 mL/L的乙醇和6~35 g/L的氯化镁溶液中长蛸出现麻醉现象。根据长蛸在4~40 mL/L乙醇和4~40 g/L氯化镁溶液中的麻醉和复苏过程将麻醉程度分为5个时期,复苏过程分为4个时期。长蛸在15~35 g/L氯化镁和10~40 mL/L乙醇中能够达到第4期麻醉,此时期适于观察和操作。在4~35 mL/L乙醇溶液中,随着浓度的增加麻醉时间逐渐缩短,复苏时间逐渐增加,在40 mL/L时长蛸产生应激反应麻醉时间变长。3~35 g/L氯化镁溶液中,随着浓度的增加麻醉时间逐渐缩短,复苏时间逐渐增加。10 mL/L乙醇和20 g/L氯化镁对长蛸的麻醉和复苏总时间最短,分别为26 min和40 min。实验证明,乙醇和氯化镁均可作为长蛸的麻醉剂,在麻醉效率方面乙醇好于氯化镁。Anesthetics have been used in aquaculture to minimize the stress and damage of Octopus minor during harvesting,grading,transportation,spawning induction,and handling.In this study,the effects of several anesthetics,including magnesium sulphate,magnesium chloride,ethanol,eugenol,MS-222,manganese(II)chloride,lidocaine,procaine hydrochloride,ethylene glycol phenyl ether,L-menthol,benzocaine,and 2-trichloromethyl-2-propanol,on adult O.minor were tested at a temperature of(18±0.3)℃.The body weight range of adult octopuses was 138–151 g.Six concentration gradients were designed for each reagent.The results showed that magnesium sulfate,eugenol,MS-222,manganese(II)chloride,lidocaine,procaine hydrochloride,ethylene glycol phenyl ether,l-menthol,benzocaine,and 2-trichloromethyl-2-propanol had no anesthetic effects on O.minor.In solutions of 0.2–0.6 mL/L ethylene glycol phenyl ether,0.05 g/L and 0.06 g/L L-menthol,0.5 g/L benzocaine,40μL/L eugenol,and 50–500 mg/L MS-222,O.minor presented convulsions,rigidity,and ink-jets,which indicate toxic effects.Moreover,solutions of 2 mL/L ethanol and 2 g/L magnesium chloride had no anesthetic effects on O.minor.In solutions of 4–40 mL/L ethanol and 4–40 g/L magnesium chloride,O.minor was found to show anesthetic responses,such as gradually turning white in color,a decreased respiratory rate,weak swimming vitality,decreased wrist movement,and lack of response to external stimuli.Based on the different body color changes,swimming dynamic strengths,breathing rates,wrist activity strengths,sucker suction strengths,wrist responses to stimuli,and whether an upside-down individual can return to normal,the level of anesthesia was divided into five periods,whilst the recovery process was divided into four periods.Individuals in 15–35 g/L magnesium chloride and 10–40 mL/L ethanol can achieve phase 4 anesthesia,this stage is most suitable for the observations and measurements of O.minor.Individuals in phase 5 can recover quickly after being transferred into normal environment

关 键 词：长蛸 麻醉剂 麻醉效果 

分 类 号：S968[农业科学—水产养殖]