人感染H7N9禽流感的流行和生物学研究进展  

Epidemic of human-infected H7N9 avian influenza:advances in its biological research

作　　者：石伟[1,2] 孙英伟 王璐璐[2] 孙海波[2] 姚文清[1,2] SHI Wei;SUN Ying-wei;WANG Lu-lu;SUN Hai-bo;YAO Wen-qing(Institute for Preventive Medicine,China Medical University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110005,China;Institute for Communicable and Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control,Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Liaoning Province,Shenyang,Liaoning 110005,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学预防医学研究院,辽宁沈阳110005 [2]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心感染与传染病预防控制所,辽宁沈阳110005

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2019年第12期999-1005,共7页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金计划重点项目(20170540488)

摘　　要：2013年中国首次报道H7N9禽流感病毒由禽类感染人体,之后人感染H7N9禽流感持续在人群中季节性流行。H7N9流感病毒在HA蛋白上发生了与跨种属屏障有关的氨基酸突变(Q226L,G186V),并拥有哺乳动物适应性突变,而且在聚合酶PB2上E627K、D701N突变增强病毒聚合酶活性和在哺乳动物中的毒力。截至2018年9月全国共报告人感染H7N9禽流感患者1 567例,死亡615例。2017年2月,在广东省患者中检出的H7N9禽流感病毒表现为高致病性和致死性,且在人群中可能有限地人传人,对人类造成巨大潜在威胁。序列分析发现在HA蛋白的氨基酸序列的裂解点多了几个连续的碱基片段(KRTA)。该文对H7N9禽流感病毒的流行特征、基因特征、防治现状等方面的目前研究进行综述,以期对H7N9禽流感防控提供依据。In 2013,the Chinese CDC reported that the H7N9 avian influenza virus firstly infected human beings by poultry,and human infection with H7N9 avian influenza continued to be seasonally prevalent among the population. The H7N9 avian influenza virus had an amino acid mutation(Q226L,G186V) associated with the cross-species barriers on the HA protein,and possessed mammalian adaptive mutations, and the E627K, D701N mutation on the polymerase PB2 enhanced viral polymerase activity and virulence in mammals. As of September 2018,a total of 1 567 cases were reported and 615 died. In February 2017,H7N9 detected in patients in Guangdong Province showed high pathogenicity and lethality,and had a limited human-to-human transmission ability, posing a huge potential threat to humans. Sequence analysis revealed that several consecutive base fragments( KRTA) were added at the cleavage site of the amino acid sequence of HA protein. This paper reviews the current research on the epidemiological characteristics,genetic characteristics,prevention and therapy status of H7N9 avian influenza virus,in order to provide evidence for the prevention and control of H7N9 avian influenza.

关 键 词：H7N9禽流感病毒 基因重组 流行特征 防控策略 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]