克隆整合和石油污染对芦苇湿地土壤理化性质的影响  

Effects of clonal integration and crude oil pollution on soil physicochemical properties in a Phragmites australis wetland

作　　者：王婉丽[1] 袁庆叶 董必成[1] 高俊琴[1] 韩广轩[3] 于飞海[1,4,5] WANG Wanli;YUAN Qingye;DONG Bicheng;GAO Junqin;HAN Guangxuan;YU Feihai(School of Nature Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;International Education College,Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture,Beijing 102442,China;Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation,and Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Yantai 264003,China;Institute of Wetland Ecology&Clone Ecology,Taizhou University,Taizhou 318000,China;Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation,Taizhou University,Taizhou 318000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学自然保护区学院,北京100083 [2]北京农业职业学院国际教育学院,北京102442 [3]中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室,烟台264003 [4]台州学院湿地生态学与克隆生态学研究所,台州318000 [5]台州学院植物进化生态学与保护浙江省重点实验室,台州318000

出　　处：《生态学报》2019年第24期9179-9187,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目（31570413）

摘　　要：克隆整合是克隆植物重要的性状之一。它不仅能够提高分株对环境胁迫的耐受能力,而且可能影响分株周围的土壤属性。为检验克隆整合对土壤属性的影响,在黄河三角洲芦苇湿地开展克隆整合和石油污染的两因子的野外实验。每年将0、5或10 mm厚的原油添加到直径为60 cm的圆形芦苇群落样方内来模拟无污染、轻度或重度石油污染,并通过保留或切断样方内外芦苇根状茎的连接来实现克隆整合的有或无。实验开始于2014年,并于2016年10月采集样方内土壤样品,测定土壤团聚体组成、pH值、电导率、总碳、总氮、总磷和有机碳含量。石油污染显著增加了土壤粗大团聚体(粒径:>2 mm)、pH值、总氮和有机碳含量,降低了土壤微团聚体(粒径:0.053—0.25 mm)占比以及电导率。克隆整合显著降低了土壤pH值,提高了土壤电导率和氮磷比。克隆整合和石油污染的交互作用仅对电导率有显著效应。因此,石油污染和克隆整合都可以影响湿地土壤的理化性质,而克隆整合对分株周围土壤理化性质的影响可能进一步影响克隆植物的优势度。Clonal integration is one of the most important traits of clonal plants.It not only can improve the ability of ramets to tolerate environmental stress,but also may influence physicochemical properties of the soil around the ramets.To test the effect of clonal integration on soil properties,we conducted a field experiment in a wetland dominated by Phragmites australis in the Yellow River Delta in China,with clonal integration and crude oil contamination as the two main factors.We added 0,5,or 10 mm thick crude oil per year to circular plots(60 cm in diameter)of the P.australis community to simulate none,moderate,or heavy oil contamination,and kept the rhizome connections between the ramets of P.australis inside and outside the plots severed or not,to prevent or allow clonal integration.The experiment started in 2014.In October 2016,we collected soil samples in the plots and measured soil aggregate composition,pH,electric conductivity,total carbon,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and organic carbon.Crude oil contamination significantly increased the proportion of large macroaggregates(diameter>2.0 mm),pH,total nitrogen,and organic carbon in the soil,but decreased the proportion of soil microaggregates(diameter:0.053—0.25 mm)and soil electric conductivity.Clonal integration significantly decreased soil pH,but increased soil electric conductivity,and nitrogen to phosphorus ratio.There was a significant interaction effect between clonal integration and oil contamination only on soil electric conductivity.Therefore,both crude oil contamination and clonal integration can influence physicochemical properties of the soil in wetlands,and the effect of clonal integration on physicochemical properties of the soil around the ramets may further affect the dominance of clonal plants.

关 键 词：克隆植物 石油污染 生理整合 根状茎植物 黄河三角洲 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]