生态产品价值实现研究进展  

Research progress on the value realization of ecological products

作　　者：高晓龙 林亦晴 徐卫华[1] 欧阳志云[1] GAO Xiaolong;LIN Yiqing;XU Weihua;OUYANG Zhiyun(State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research center for Eco⁃environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学报》2020年第1期24-33,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(71533005)

摘　　要：生态产品价值实现是解决环境外部性、保护生态系统功能和完整性的重要机制。基于已有研究和试点案例,对生态产品的狭义及广义概念进行了界定;鉴于资金充足程度对试点项目的重要性,按照资金来源,将生态产品价值实现模式分为公众付费、公益组织付费、政府付费以及多元付费,且对其特点、适用范围、优点及局限进行对比分析,为筹集资金、落实受益者付费原则提供技术支撑;按照问题描述、识别生态产品/受益方(买方)/供给方(卖方)、交易条件、价值交易机制、监测与成效分析框架对试点案例的生态产品价值实现机理及路径进行剖析,提出选择适当的价值实现工具,并强化监测指标的选取及成效分析,以提升资金效率和生态保护效益。Value realization of ecological products is a vital mechanism to correct environmental externality and to protect ecosystem function and integrity.Based on scientific literature and pilot cases,narrow and broad concepts of ecological products are herein defined.In view of the importance of capital adequacy for pilot projects,ecological product value realization models were divided into public pays,NGO pays,government pays,and multi⁃pays according to the source of funding.In addition,a comparative analysis was carried out on the characteristics,application fields,advantages,and limitations of the models,which provides technical support for raising funds and for implementing the beneficiary pays principle.According to the analysis framework,we analyzed the realization mechanisms and paths of the ecological products of the pilot cases.We put forward the following suggestions to improve capital efficiency and ecological benefits:choose suitable policy instruments,set adequate monitoring indicators,and strengthen performance evaluation.

关 键 词：外部性 生态产品 价值实现模式 受益者付费 

分 类 号：F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学]