妊娠期孕妇步态特征的分析研究  

Analysis of pregnant women gait characteristics during pregnancy

作　　者：陈雪梅 张平[3] 李晓燕[4] 于红 郄淑燕 李伟 CHEN Xuemei;ZHANG Ping;LI Xiaoyan;YU Hong;QIE Shuyan;LI Wei(Model Workers Health Management Center,Affiliated Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100144,China;Department of Obstetrics,Binzhou Municipal Central Hospital,Binzhou,Shandong 251700,China;Affiliated Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100144,China;Former Outpatient Department of Asian Games Village,Central Military Commission Equipment Development Department,Beijing 100101,China;Rehabilitation Diagnosis and Treatment Center,Affiliated Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100144,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京康复医院劳模健康管理中心,北京100144 [2]山东省滨州市中心医院产科,251700 [3]首都医科大学附属北京康复医院,北京100144 [4]中央军委装备发展部原亚运村门诊部,北京100101 [5]首都医科大学附属北京康复医院康复诊疗中心,北京100144

出　　处：《重庆医学》2020年第3期379-382,共4页Chongqing medicine

基　　金：首都医科大学附属北京康复医院重大项目(2018-004,2018-006)

摘　　要：目的探讨孕妇在行走状态下的步态特征,为预防跌倒提供建议。方法本研究于2015年3月至2016年10月在山东省滨州市中心医院产科共选取28名健康受试者,分别在怀孕前(妊娠前期)、妊娠期6个月(妊娠期)及产后6个月(生产后期)测试其正常行走状态下的步态参数,分析不同阶段孕妇的步态特征。结果妊娠前期、妊娠期、生产后期的步速分别为(1.87±0.63)、(1.45±0.77)、(1.89±0.49)m/s,步频分别为(131.64±8.71)、(116.28±10.41)、(133.45±9.23)步/分,妊娠期与妊娠前期、生产后期的步速和步频比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);妊娠前期与生产后期的步速和步频比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。双足支撑持续时间妊娠前期、妊娠期、生产后期妇女分别为(0.18±0.09)、(0.24±0.13)、(0.17±0.07)s,双足支撑持续时间在妊娠妇女的步态周期中增加了约0.06 s,与妊娠前期和生产后期比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);单腿站立时间妊娠前期、妊娠期、生产后期妇女分别为(0.41±0.19)、(0.38±0.17)、(0.42±0.21)s,妊娠期明显下降,与妊娠前和生产后期比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);妊娠前期与生产后期双足支撑持续时间及单腿站立时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论妊娠期妇女主要是通过减慢步速、降低步幅来维持在怀孕期间的步态稳定性。Objective To explore the gait characteristics of pregnant women during walking to provide the suggestions for preventing falls.Methods Twenty-eight healthy subjects were selected from the obstetrics department of the Binzhou Municipal Central Hospital from March 2015 to October 2016.Their gait parameters in normal walking status were measured before pregnancy,in 6 months during pregnancy and 6 months after delivery.The gait characteristics of pregnant women at different stages were analyzed.Results The walking speeds of early pregnancy,gestational period and postpartum period were(1.87±0.63),(1.45±0.77),(1.89±0.49)m/s,and the stride frequencies were(131.64±8.71),(116.28±10.41),(133.45±9.23)steps/min respectively.The walking speed and stride frequency had statistically significant differences between the gestational period with early pregnancy and postpartum period(P<0.05);however which had no statistically significant difference between the early pregnancy and postpartum period(P>0.05).The duration of bipedal support in the early pregnancy,gestational period and postpartum period were(0.18±0.09),(0.24±0.13),(0.17±0.07)s.The duration of bipedal support was increased by about 0.06 s in the gait cycle of pregnant women,which had statistically significant difference between the early pregnancy and postpartum period(P<0.05).The single leg standing time in the early pregnancy,gestational period and postpartum period were(0.41±0.19),(0.38±0.17),(0.42±0.21)s,which during pregnancy was decreased significantly and had statistical difference in comparing the pre-pregnancy with postpartum period(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the bipedal support duration and single leg standing time between prenatal period and postpartum period(P>0.05).Conclusion Pregnant women maintain their gait stability during pregnancy mainly by slowing down the pace and reducing the stride length.

关 键 词：步态分析 孕妇 妊娠前期 妊娠期 

分 类 号：R714.7[医药卫生—妇产科学]