撒哈拉以南非洲本土冲突解决机制:特点、作用边界及发展趋势  

The Indigenous Conflict Resolution Mechanisms in Sub-Saharan Africa:Characteristics,Function Boundaries and Trends

作　　者：张永宏[1] 程实 Zhang Yonghong;Cheng Shi

机构地区：[1]云南大学非洲研究中心,昆明650091

出　　处：《西亚非洲》2020年第1期140-160,共21页West Asia and Africa

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“逆全球化背景下的本土化运动研究”(18BGJ040)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：撒哈拉以南非洲本土冲突解决机制源远流长,但在殖民统治时期遭受冲击,直到20世纪80年代才引起广泛重视。本土冲突解决机制基于集体主义的价值观导向,注重修复原有秩序,强调公开、协商一致和公众的高度参与等原则,并有其特定的作用边界,一般在农村地区、民事领域作用突出;在城市地区、刑事领域主要充当正式司法机制的辅助和补充;在冲突后和平建设阶段作用显著,能够促进族群和解、弥合社会裂痕和维护社会稳定,但也面临着合法性被削弱这一问题。当前,撒哈拉以南非洲各国面临着传统回归和现代化转型的双重挑战,本土冲突解决机制的行为主体和组织结构正发生变化,但其价值内核仍将延续。The long-standing indigenous conflict resolution mechanisms in Sub-Saharan Africa have been suffered from shock since colonial rule,which gained wide attentions until the 1980s.Based on the value orientation of the collectivism,the mechanisms focus on the restoration of order and the principles of openness,consensus and high public participation.Furthermore,indigenous conflict resolution owns its specific functional boundaries,which generally plays a prominent role in rural areas and serves as supplement to a formal judicial mechanism in urban areas and the criminal sectors.In addition,it plays a significant role in the post-conflict peace-building phase,promoting community reconciliation,bridging social divides and maintaining social stability.However,it faces the key challenge of diminishing legitimacy.Nowadays,Sub-Saharan African countries are facing the dual challenges of tradition restoration and modernization.The actors and organizational structure of indigenous conflict resolution mechanisms will change,but their core values will be carried forward.

关 键 词：本土冲突解决机制 撒哈拉以南非洲 作用边界 合法性 

分 类 号：D74[政治法律—政治学]