长春市供暖季办公建筑室内PM2.5中金属元素的污染特征及风险评估  

Pollution characteristics and risk assessment of metal elements in indoors PM2.5 in an office building during the heating season in Changchun

作　　者：白莉[1] 陈琬玥 贺梓健 李娜[1] 倪沈阳 BAI Li;CHEN Wanyue;HE Zijian;LI Na;NI Shenyang(School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Jilin Jianzhu University,Changchun Jilin 130118;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300071)

机构地区：[1]吉林建筑大学市政与环境工程学院,吉林长春130118 [2]天津大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2020年第2期187-193,共7页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.51508224);国家重点研发计划项目(No.2017YFC0702705)

摘　　要：对长春市供暖季某办公建筑室内PM2.5进行采样,用电感耦合等离子发射光谱法(ICP-OES)对其中金属元素进行检测。采用富集因子法与主成分分析法对PM2.5中的金属元素进行源解析,并对其潜在生态风险和人体健康风险进行评估。结果显示,室内PM2.5中金属元素来源主要有燃煤排放尘、工业过程排放尘、机动车排放尘、室内污染源排放尘及土壤扬尘,5种来源的贡献率分别为27.35%、17.57%、12.44%、8.93%、8.05%。PM2.5中金属元素的综合潜在生态风险指数为1 729.63,存在极强生态危害;金属元素对成人的非致癌暴露量以呼吸摄入为主,对儿童的非致癌暴露量以手口摄入为主,对成人和儿童均具有非致癌风险,但不具有致癌风险。The indoors PM2.5 samples were collected in an office building in Changchun during the heating season.Using the inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry(ICP-OES),the metal elements in PM2.5 were analyzed.Combined with the methods of enrichment factor and principal factor analysis,the sources of the mental elements were explored.The potential ecological risk and human health risk caused by metal elements of indoor PM2.5 were also assessed.The results revealed that the main sources of metals in indoors PM2.5 were as follows:contribution rates of dust from coal burning,dust from industrial processes,dust from motor vehicle exhaust,indoors pollution dust and soil dust were 27.35%,17.57%,12.44%,8.93%,8.05%,respectively;the comprehensive potential ecological risk index of metal elements were 1 729.63,indicating that there was an extremely strong ecological hazard.The non-carcinogenic risk exposure quantity of adults was mainly caused by the breathing intake,while for children the non-carcinogenic risk exposure were mainly through hand-mouth intake.Metal elements posed non-carcinogenic risk to both adult and children,while they had no carcinogenic risk.

关 键 词：室内PM2.5 金属元素 源解析 风险评估 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4