综合医院非精神科住院患者心理状态及应对方式的调查分析  

Investigation and analysis on the psychological state and coping styles of non-psychiatric inpatients in the general hospital

作　　者：荣丽[1] 杨雯[1] 王乔凤[1] RONG Li;YANG Wen;WANG Qiao feng(The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University-Lingnan Hospital,510275,Guangzhou)

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第三医院岭南医院

出　　处：《当代护士（中旬刊）》2020年第3期147-152,共6页Modern Nurse

摘　　要：目的了解综合医院非精神科住院患者的心理及应对方式现状,分析其影响因素,为构建综合医院心理护理模式提供依据。方法以综合性医院非精神科住院患者为研究对象,运用焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表及简易应对方式问卷为评价工具,调查患者的焦虑、抑郁和应对方式状况,分析其相关性,探索其主要的影响因素。结果综合医院非精神科住院患者的焦虑发生率为18.42%,抑郁发生率为38.72%,焦虑和抑郁的共病率为14.66%;患者的焦虑、抑郁总分分别为42.14±7.82分、49.35±9.94分,积极应对与消极应对两个维度的得分分别为22.09±7.26分、9.05±4.21分,均明显高于中国常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);应对方式总分、积极应对方式维度与焦虑、抑郁均呈负相关(P<0.05);焦虑与抑郁呈显著正相关(P<0.01);影响非精神科住院患者焦虑的因素主要为职业、病程及积极应对方式;影响抑郁的因素主要为病程、家庭支持及消极应对方式;影响积极应对的主要因素为性别和家庭支持;影响消极应对的主要因素为年龄和家庭支持。结论综合医院非精神科住院患者焦虑、抑郁高发,应对方式较高,医务人员需关注患者的心理问题,采取有效的心理干预手段促进患者全面康复。Objective To investigate the current situation of psychological state and coping styles of non-psychiatric inpatients,and analyze the influencing factors to provide the basis for the construction of psychological nursing mode in a general hospital.Methods To investigate the anxiety,depression and coping styles of non-psychiatric inpatients in a general hospital,self-rating anxiety scale,self-rating depression scale and simplified coping style questionnaire were used to analyze its relevance and explore its main influencing factors.Results The anxiety of patients in the non-psychiatric hospitalization occurred in 18.42%of the general hospital,the incidence of depression was 38.72%,comorbidity of anxiety and depression was 14.66%;Anxiety and depression scores of the patients were 42.14±7.82,49.35±9.94,the scores of two dimensions of positive coping and negative coping were 22.09±7.26,9.05±4.21,which were all significantly higher than those of Chinese norm,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The total scores of coping styles,positive coping styles,anxiety and depression were negatively correlated with the anxiety and depression in the non-psychiatric department(P<0.05).Anxiety and depression showed a significant positive correlation(P<0.01).Influencing factors of anxiety in patients with non-psychiatric hospitalization were mainly occupation,course and positive coping styles;influencing factors of depression in patients were mainly course,family support and negative coping styles;the main influencing factors of positive coping were gender and family support;the main influencing factors of negative coping were age and family support.Conclusion The anxiety,depression and the coping styles of hospitalized patients in non-psychiatric department were high.Medical staff should pay close attention to their psychological problems and take effective psychological intervention to promote their comprehensive rehabilitation.

关 键 词：综合医院 住院患者 焦虑 抑郁 应对方式 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学]