ABC/MCA粉体对铝金属粉爆炸特性的影响  

Inhibition of ABC/MCA powder on explosion characteristics of aluminum metal powder

作　　者：邓军 屈姣[1,2] 王秋红 杨玉峰 DENG Jun;QU Jiao;WANG Qiu-hong;YANG Yu-feng(College of Safety Science and Engineering,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Coal Fire,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学安全科学与工程学院,陕西西安710054 [2]西安科技大学陕西省煤火灾害防治重点实验室,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《西安科技大学学报》2020年第1期18-23,共6页Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51774232,51804247);陕西省国际科技合作与交流计划(2016KW-070,2018KW-035)

摘　　要：为了研究ABC/MCA粉体对铝金属粉爆炸的抑制作用,采用竖直管道粉尘爆炸装置,分别测试了Al/ABC,Al/MCA,Al/ABC/MCA混合粉体的爆炸严重程度,探讨了ABC+MCA复配粉体的协同抑爆机理,并对不同粉体的抑爆效果进行了对比分析,研究结果表明,ABC/MCA粉体的添加,使铝粉爆炸危险性大大降低。与ABC粉相比,MCA粉对铝粉的抑爆作用更加显著。随着MCA粉质量分数的增加,铝粉最大爆炸压力降幅增大,且当MCA粉的质量分数达15.8%,Al/MCA混合粉体未发生爆炸,ABC+MCA复配粉体对铝粉爆炸也具有抑制作用,添加剂总质量一定时,随着复配比的减小,铝粉最大爆炸压力减小,且降幅增大。复配粉体吸热分解出惰性气体和P 2 O 5,降低反应速率,稀释O 2浓度,且P 2 O 5覆盖在铝粉表面,隔绝空气,从而达到协同抑爆作用。最后对比得到不同粉体对铝粉爆炸的抑制效果为:ABC<ABC+MCA<MCA.To investigate the inhibition effect of ABC/MCA powder for aluminum metal dust explosions,a self-designed vertical pipeline dust explosion test equipment was employed to determine the explosion severity of Al/ABC,Al/MCA,and Al/ABC/MCA mixtures,respectively.The synergistic anti-explosion mechanism of ABC+MCA composite powder was investigated.The anti-explosion effects of different powders were analyzed.The results showed that:The addition of ABC/MCA powder greatly reduced the risk of aluminum powder explosion.The inhibition effect of MCA powder for aluminum powder was more remarkable than that of ABC powder.As the mass fraction of MCA powder increased,P max and(d P/d t)max of Al/MCA mixture decreased,and when the mass fraction of MCA powder reached to 15.8%,explosion would be inhibited.The ABC+MCA composite powder also had an inhibition effect on the aluminum powder explosion.When the total mass of the additive was constant,P max decreased with the decrease of the mixing ratio,and the decreasing range increased.The composite powder absorbed a large amount of heat and then decomposed to generate inert gases and the reaction product P 2 O 5,which reduced the reaction rate and diluted O 2 concentration.Meanwhile,P 2 O 5 covered the surface of aluminum powder and protected it from air.Thereby synergistic explosion suppression was achieved.Finally,the ranking of inhibition effect of different suppressants on aluminum powder explosion was as follows:ABC<ABC+MCA<MCA.

关 键 词：竖直管道 复配粉体 最大爆炸压力 抑爆效能 

分 类 号：X[环境科学与工程]