黄河三角洲北部地区软土工程地质特性及空间分布  

Soft soil engineering geological characteristics and spatial distribution in the north of Yellow River delta

作　　者：王奎峰 秦学全 WANG Kuifeng;QIN Xuequan(Shandong Institute of Geological Sciences,Shandong Key Laboratory of Geological Process and Resource Utilization in Metallic Minerals,Key Laboratory of Gold Mineralization Process and Resource Utilization Subordinate to the Ministry of Land and Resource,Jinan 250013,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization&Sedimentary Minerals,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China;Shandong Provincial Lubei Geological Engineering Exploration Institute,Dezhou 253072,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省地质科学研究院,自然资源部金矿成矿过程与资源利用重点实验室,山东省金属矿产成矿地质过程与资源利用重点实验室,济南250013 [2]中国科学院海洋地质与环境重点实验室,青岛266071 [3]山东科技大学,山东省沉积成矿作用与沉积矿产重点实验室,青岛266590 [4]山东省第二水文地质工程地质大队,山东省鲁北地质工程勘察院,德州253072

出　　处：《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2020年第1期31-41,共11页Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目“黄河三角洲海岸带区域生态地质环境承载力综合评估与示范研究”（41602356）;国家自然科学基金面上项目“黄河三角洲地区硬质黏土层的成因及形成年代”（41977262）;中国博士后科学基金项目“黄河三角洲地区生态地质环境承载力及可持续发展研究”（2017M622240）;山东省地勘基金项目“山东省东营市河口区环境地质调查、黄河三角洲高效生态经济区人工海岸生态地质环境调查”（鲁勘字2016（7）号、2013（55）号）;中国科学院海洋地质与环境重点实验室开放基金“黄河三角洲北部地区软土的空间分布及沉降演化特征”（MGE2019KG10）;山东省沉积成矿作用与沉积矿产重点实验室开放基金项目“黄河三角洲全新世沉积环境演化及沉积记录研究”（DMSM2018024）;山东省重大科技创新工程项目“黄河三角洲废弃盐田绿色复垦与利用关键技术研究与示范”（2018CXGC0307）;山东省政府公派出国留学项目（201902006）

摘　　要：软土作为一种不良土体,在黄河三角洲分布比较广泛,其工程特性一般表现为含水量高、强度低、压缩性大以及渗透性低等,易发生不良工程地质问题。黄河三角洲北部区域的河口区,软土的工程特性及空间分布目前尚未有系统分析研究。基于最新的较系统的工程地质钻孔数据资料,对河口区软土的工程地质特性参数进行了统计分析,研究了软土物理力学性质各指标的概率分布模型及参数间的相关性,就黄河三角洲地区软土的成因、厚度、埋藏条件、空间分布规律进行了分析总结,并对其主要工程地质问题及措施提出了建议。黄河三角洲北部河口地区的软土具有典型的软土特征:高含水量、高压缩性、低抗剪强度等,其软土的物理力学性质指标变异系数较小,概率分布基本符合正态分布,研究区85%的面积范围内发育软土层,软土层由近饱和或饱和的黏性土、淤泥及淤泥质粉土组成,属滨海相与三角洲相软土。该地区地基处理宜采用桩基法、排淤换填法、堆载预压法、电化学加固法等方法。Soft clay is a kind of bad soil to soil engineers.It is widely distributed in the Yellow River delta and its estuary areas.Bad engineering geological problems often happen in the estuarine areas which lie in the northern part of the Yellow River delta.So far,the engineering properties and the spatial distribution pattern of the soft soil in this area have remained unclear.This time,to meet the needs in socio-economic development,systematic and comprehensive investigation has been carried out based on large amount of borehole data of soft clay from the estuarine areas.Detailed probability distribution models of engineering geologic parameters and their correlations are studied in addition to the origin,thickness,burial conditions,development process and distribution of the soft soil in the study area.Main engineering geological problems and counter measures are proposed.The soft soil of the north Yellow River estuarine area is characterized by high water content,high compressibility,and low shear strength.The variation coefficient of physical properties of the soil is small and dominated by a normal probability distribution pattern.Soft soil layers,which consist of clayed soil,muck and mucky silt saturated or nearly saturated by water,cover almost 85%of the north Yellow River Delta,predominating the coastal and deltaic facies.The methods of pile foundation,desilting and replacement,stack preloading,and electrochemical reinforcement are recommended for ground treatment in the study area.The research results of this paper may provide the basis and reference to engineering construction in the Yellow River delta.

关 键 词：软土特性 分布规律 相关性 黄河三角洲北部 数理统计 

分 类 号：P736.21[天文地球—海洋地质]