植物生长调节剂对黄淮井灌区夏玉米水分利用效率的调控  

Regulation of water use efficiency of summer maize by plant growth regulator in well-irrigation area of Huang-Huai-Hai River

作　　者：张伟强 赵犇[1] 秦安振[1] 宁东峰[1] 孙彬 丁鹏飞 刘见 臧海涛 刘战东[1] 肖俊夫[1] ZHANG Weiqiang;ZHAO Ben;QIN Anzhen;NING Dongfeng;SUN Bin;DING Pengfei;LIU Jian;ZANG Haitao;LIU Zhandong;XIAO Junfu(Farmland Irrigation Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Lab for Crop Water Requirement and Regulation of Ministry of Agriculture,Xinxiang,Henan 453002,China;Henan Institute of Science and Technology for Development,Zhengzhou,Henan 450003,China;Xuchang Farmland Water Conservancy Technology Experimentation and Extension Station,Xuchang,Henan 461000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所/农业部作物需水与调控重点开放实验室,河南新乡453002 [2]河南省科学技术发展战略研究所,河南郑州450003 [3]许昌市农田水利技术试验推广站,河南许昌461000

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2019年第6期43-48,56,共7页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项(FIRI2018-01);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-02-05B)

摘　　要：植物生长调节剂的研制和应用为实现玉米高产稳产、节水栽培提供了新的条件。试验于2018年在河南新乡研究了植物生长调节剂对京农科728、新单61、先玉335等品种水分利用效率的调控效应,试验采用裂区区组设计,品种为主区,副区为植物生长调节剂和清水对照。结果表明,不同基因型夏玉米品种产量水平、水分利用效率存在显著差异(P<0.05)。植物生长调节剂能显著改善玉米水分利用效率、增加籽粒产量(P<0.05),其中,水分利用效率最高增幅达3.12%,籽粒产量最高增幅达3.09%。植物生长调节剂能显著降低倒伏率(P<0.05),降幅最高达90.00%,重塑了玉米株型建成。植物生长调节剂调控玉米水分利用效率的效应发生机制,可能在于改变了激素信号转导关键基因表达量,进而使其内源激素如GA 3、ABA含量发生了变化。The development and application of plant growth regulators provide potentials for high and stable yield and water saving in maize production.This experiment was conducted to study plant growth regulator effects in Xinxiang,Henan Province in 2018.Three hybrid maize cultivars(JNK728,XD61,and XY335)were selected as experimental crops for water use efficiency.In this study,the experiment design was a split randomized block design.The main block was cultivar and the sub-blocks were plant growth regulator treatment and the control with spraying pure water only.The results showed that maize yield and water use efficiency were affected significantly(P<0.05)by genotypes differences of summer maize.Plant growth regulators significantly improved water use efficiency and grain yield on all cultivars of maize(P<0.05).The highest increase in water use efficiency was 3.12%,and the highest increase in grain yield was 3.09%.Plant growth regulators significantly reduced lodging(P<0.05)and the highest decrease in lodging was 90.00%,which remodeled the plant type of maize.The mechanism of the effect in plant growth regulators on maize water use efficiency may be due to that they changed the expression of key genes in hormone signal transduction,and then changed the contents of endogenous hormones such as GA 3 and ABA.

关 键 词：植物生长调节剂 夏玉米 水分利用效率 倒伏率 植物激素 

分 类 号：S482.8[农业科学—农药学]