连翘低产原因调查及高产栽培技术试验  

Investigation on Causes of Low Yield of Forsythia suspensa and Test of High Yield Cultivation Techniques

作　　者：黄鹏[1] 侯治国 HUANG Peng;HOU Zhi-guo(Henan Forest-Science Institute,Zhengzhou,Henan 450008;Luanchuan Forestry Science Research Institute,Luanchuan,Henan 471500)

机构地区：[1]河南省林业科学研究院,河南郑州450008 [2]栾川县林业科学研究所,河南栾川471500

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2020年第3期109-112,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省2017年科技攻关资助项目(172102110072)

摘　　要：针对连翘生产中产量低且有关连翘高产栽培研究较少的现状进行了连翘低产原因调查及高产栽培技术试验,通过调查分析,将连翘低产园划分为"野生放任生长型"和"栽培管理粗放型"2种主要类型,并分别探讨了它们各自的表现和造成低产的原因。高产栽培技术试验表明,经过清坡垦复、间伐除杂灌等野生抚育管理措施的连翘生长旺盛,果实大小和株产显著提高;秋季深翻施基肥结合生长期追肥对改善土壤条件、促进连翘生长、提高产量有显著作用;合理的整形修剪抑制了连翘的营养生长,促进了生殖生长,起到了促使幼树提早结果、提高产量的作用;人工辅助授粉和花期喷施植物生长调节剂能有效提高连翘坐果率,从而增加产量;按照株行距3 m×4 m栽植的连翘树体结构合理,产量稳定,是比较适宜的栽培密度。In view of the low yield of Forsythia suspensa production and the low-yield research on high-yield cultivation of F.suspensa,the causes of low-yield of F.suspensa and the high-yield cultivation techniques were investigated.According to the investigation and analysis,the low yield garden of F.suspensa was divided into two main types,i.e."wild growth type"and"extensive cultivation management type",and their respective performance and causes of low yield were discussed separately.The high-yield cultivation techniques test showed that the growth of F.suspensa was improved by the wild tending management measures such as clearing slopes,thinning and miscellaneous irrigation,and the fruit size and plant yield were significantly improved.In autumn,the application of base fertilizer combined with the long-term topdressing had significant effects on improving soil conditions and promoting F.suspensa growth and yield increase;reasonable plastic trimming inhibited the vegetative growth of F.suspensa,promoted reproductive growth,played a role in promoting early bearing and increasing yield of saplings;artificial assisted pollination and spraying plant growth regulation during flowering can effectively increase the fruit setting rate of F.suspensa,thereby increasing the yield;the structure of F.suspensa tree planted according to the plant spacing of 3 m×4 m was reasonable and the yield was stable,which was a suitable cultivation density.

关 键 词：连翘 低产 原因 高产栽培 

分 类 号：S567.1[农业科学—中草药栽培]