中小城市公交票价体系改革策略  

Reform Strategy of Bus Ticket System in Small and Medium-sized Cities

作　　者：刘敏 赵磊 刘祥锋 吴超华 覃矞 LIU Min;ZHAO Lei;LIU Xiangfeng;WU Chaohua;QIN Yu(Shenzhen Urban Transport Planning Center Co.,Ltd,Shenzhen 518021,China;Shenzhen's Key Laboratory of Traffic Information and Traffic Engineering,Shenzhen 518021,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市城市交通规划设计研究中心股份有限公司,深圳518021 [2]广东省交通信息工程技术研究中心,深圳518021

出　　处：《交通与运输》2020年第1期79-83,共5页Traffic & Transportation

摘　　要：为解决中小城市普遍面临的公交低票价政策导致的市场机制失灵、财政补贴持续增长、服务品质低下、客流不增反降等问题,以佛山市南海区为例,采用乘客OD大数据和公交运营成本规制数据分析结合分析的方法,测算公交营运盈亏平衡里程,提出契合城市发展实际的多元化、差异化公交票制票价方案和公交票价动态调节机制。结果表明,票价优化方案可充分契合乘客出行距离、服务质量等出行特征需求,保证乘客支付费用与享受服务充分匹配,同时可降低财政补贴压力,提升服务品质,保证公交行业可持续发展的动力,支撑南海区本地公交行业及城市转型发展需求。Aiming at the problems of market mechanism failure, sustained growth of financial subsidies, low service quality and lower passenger flow caused by the long-term low bus fare policy in small and medium-sized cities in China, this paper puts forward a multi-variate and differentiated bus fare system and a dynamic adjustment mechanism for bus fare, which is in line with the actual situation of urban development. Taking Nan-hai District of Foshan City as an example, on the basis of passenger OD data and bus operation cost regulation data analysis, the profit-loss balance mileage of bus operation is calculated. The results show that the diversification and differentiation ticket pricing scheme can sufficiently fit the characteristics of passengers’ travel distance and service quality, and ensure the rationality of passengers’ payment. At the same time, it can reduce the pressure of financial subsidies and ensure the driving force of sustainable development of the public transport industry, support the needs of local public transport industry’s and cities’ transformation and development in Nan-hai.

关 键 词：票价 机制改革 动态调节 中小城市 大数据分析 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]