库布齐沙漠治理对京津冀地区空气质量影响:2017年5月3—6日沙尘天气模拟  

Influence of desertification control in Hobq Desert on air quality in Beijing- Tianjin-Hebei region: a simulation case of dust weather on 3-6, May, 2017

作　　者：魏巍 张稳定 陈焕盛[1,2] 任远哲 皮冬勤 吴剑斌 陈婷婷[2] 肖林鸿 罗保刚 晏平仲 Wei Wei;Zhang Wending;Chen Huansheng;Ren Yuanzhe;Pi Dongqin;Wu Jianbin;Chen Tingting;Xiao Linhong;Luo Baogang;Yan Pingzhong(Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;3 Clear Technology Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100029,China;Environmental Monitoring Central Station of Inner Mongolia,Hohhot 010010,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京100029 [2]中科三清科技有限公司,北京100029 [3]内蒙古自治区环境监测中心站,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2020年第1期77-87,共11页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0208803)

摘　　要：作为影响京津冀地区的沙尘途经地和发源地,对库布齐沙漠的治理工作一直在持续,成为使用科学技术手段将沙漠变废为宝、变害为利的成功案例,同时也是全球治沙范例。为研究库布齐沙漠治理工作对京津冀地区空气质量的改善效果,利用手工采样数据和城市空气质量监测数据,结合气团轨迹,筛选库布齐沙漠起沙并对京津冀地区产生影响的沙尘天气。选取2017年5月3-6日作为典型个例代表,使用嵌套网格空气质量预报模式系统(NAQPMS),设计不同的起沙权重系数敏感试验,模拟研究该地区起沙和治理对京津冀地区的空气质量影响。结果表明:(1)气象模式较好地把握天气系统的演变以及地面风场的特征,保证NAQPMS模式可合理模拟沙尘的起沙区域、影响范围以及时空演变特征;(2)受沙尘影响城市的PM10浓度模拟量值及变化与观测较为一致,表明模式合理再现了沙尘的输送过程;(3)库布齐沙漠起沙对京津冀地区的PM10浓度贡献为35~150μg·m^-3,贡献比例为10%~40%;(4)库布齐沙漠治理可使京津冀地区PM10浓度降低35~75μg·m^-3,下降比例为5%~20%,受影响城市PM10浓度下降比例为7%~37%,沙漠治理工作可有效降低受影响地区的PM10浓度。Hobq Desert,as one of the sand-dust transport and source areas that affect the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,is a successful case of turning desert into treasure and benefit by using a series of scientific and technological means.It is also a global representative example of desertification control.In order to study the effect of Hobq Desert treatment on the improvement of air quality in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,data of manual sampling and urban air quality monitoring and air mass trajectory model were used to screen out dust weather cases,which all happened in Hobq Desert and affected the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.The Nested Air Quality Prediction Modeling System(NAQPMS)was used to simulate sanding and governance of the desert by designing different sensitivity tests of sand-weighting coefficient during a representative case of dust process occurred on May 3-6,2017.The results showed that:(1)The meteorological model can better grasp the evolution of the weather system and the characteristics of the surface wind field,and ensure that the NAQPMS model can reasonably simulate the sand-sanding area,the extent of impact and the characteristics of temporal-spatial evolution;(2)The simulated values and changes of PM10 concentrations in the cities which are affected by sand and dust are consistent with the observations,indicating that the model reasonably reproduces the dust transport process;(3)The contributions of PM10 mass concentrations on Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region by sanding in Hobq Desert reached 35-150μg·m^-3 and the contribution ratios were from 10%to 40%;(4)The treatment of Hobq Desert can reduce PM10 concentrations of the cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region by 35-75μg·m^-3,and the decrease ratios were between 5%and 20%.The PM10 concentrations of decreased by 7%-37%in the cities,and desert treatment can effectively reduce the concentrations of PM10 in the affected areas.

关 键 词：库布齐沙漠 沙漠治理 NAQPMS 京津冀地区 空气质量 

分 类 号：P427.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]