长期低浓度铅负荷对人体心血管功能的影响  

Effect of long-term low-level lead exposure on human cardiovascular function

作　　者：金武 窦建瑞 朱道建 丁帮梅[2] 张恒东[2] 朱宝立[2] 王适之[3] JIN Wu;DOU Jian-rui;ZHU Dao-jian;DING Bang-mei;ZHANG Heng-dong;ZHU Bao-li;WANG Shi-zhi(Yang zhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Yangzhou 225001,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州市疾病预防控制中心,江苏扬州225001 [2]江苏省疾病预防控制中心,江苏南京210009 [3]东南大学公共卫生学院,江苏南京210096

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2020年第1期26-30,36,共6页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：社会发展科技攻关项目(YZ2016079);江苏省预防医学会课题项目(Y2018056);扬州市“十三五”科教强卫重点专项(ZDRC 201829)

摘　　要：目的探索体内长期不同低浓度水平的铅对人体心血管可能造成的损伤。方法以某铅酸蓄电池生产企业及其工人为调查对象,按血铅浓度分组,对不同低浓度水平铅接触人员的观察指标进行分析。结果随着现场空气中铅浓度的增高,接铅工人的血铅值有增加的趋势(r=0.82,P=0.01),线性回归Y=853.41+160.08In(X)(X为现场空气铅浓度,Y为血铅值)。高铅组血压异常率明显高于低铅组和对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);高铅组、低铅组心电图异常率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);高铅组乳酸脱氢酶和α-羟丁酸脱氢酶活力明显高于低铅组和对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),同时低铅组α-羟丁酸脱氢酶的活力明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);高铅组甘油三酯浓度明显高于低铅组和对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);高铅组和低铅组红细胞计数明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其他指标之间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论长期低浓度的铅负荷可能对接触人员的心血管功能有损伤。Objective To explore the possible damage to human cardiovascular system caused by long-term low-level lead in vivo.Methods Workers in a lead-acid battery manufacturing company were the subjects of the investigation.According to the blood lead concentration,the observation indexes of personnel lead exposure were analyzed.Results With the increase of lead concentration in the field,workers showed an increasing trend in blood lead(r=0.82,P=0.01),and a linear regression Y=853.41+160.08 In(X)(X was lead concentration in the field air,Y is the blood lead value).The abnormal blood pressure in the high lead group was significantly higher than that in the low lead group and the control group(P<0.01).The abnormal rate of the ECG in the high lead group and the low lead group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The concentrations of lactate dehydrogenase andα-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase in the high-lead group were significantly higher than those in the low-lead group and the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The concentration of hydrogenase was significantly higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The concentration of triglyceride in the high lead group was significantly higher than that of the low lead group and the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions The concentration of red blood cells in the high-lead low exposure to lead may damage the cardiovascular function of exposed workers.

关 键 词：铅 心血管 血压 心电图 

分 类 号：R13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]