PLA木塑复合材料性能研究及界面处理分析  

Performance Research and Interface Treatment Analysis of PLA Wood-Plastic Composites

作　　者：张薇 路琴[1] 刘思思 赵泊祺 Zhang Wei;Lu Qin;Liu Sisi;Zhao Boqi(College of Engineering,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing210031,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学工学院

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2020年第2期39-43,共5页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：江苏省大学生创新训练计划项目(201910307060Y)

摘　　要：以稻壳、竹粉、杨木粉作为聚乳酸(PLA)的增强材料,添加硅烷偶联剂进行界面处理,采用模压成型的方法制备PLA木塑复合材料,研究了纤维的种类与含量以及偶联剂对PLA木塑复合材料力学性能和吸水性能的影响,并采用体式显微镜对其形貌和结构进行了表征。结果表明,杨木粉对PLA复合材料的增强效果最好;杨木粉、稻壳、竹粉质量分数为30%时,PLA木塑复合材料的拉伸强度最大,分别为16.26,11.27,14.17 MPa,杨木粉质量分数为30%时PLA木塑复合材料的冲击强度最大,为4.44 kJ/m2,随着复合材料中木粉含量的增加,其吸水率呈上升趋势;添加硅烷偶联剂改性使PLA/竹粉复合材料的拉伸强度最大提高了119.74%,冲击强度最大提高了86.52%,改性后的木塑复合材料各组分较为均匀、空洞和缺陷较少。Rice husk,bamboo powder and poplar powder were used as reinforcing materials for polylactic acid(PLA)polymer,interfacial treatment was carried out by adding silane KH550,PLA wood-plastic composites were prepared by compression molding.The type and content of fiber and the effect of coupling agent on mechanical properties and water absorption properties of PLA wood-plastic composites were studied,its morphology and structure were characterized with stereo microscope.The results show that poplar powder has the best effect on PLA wood-plastic composites;the tensile strength of poplar powder,rice husk and bamboo powder is 30%(mass fraction,the same below),which are 16.26 MPa and 11.27 MPa,14.17 MPa,respectively.The impact strength is the highest when the content of poplar powder is 30%,which is 4.44 kJ/m2.With the increase of wood powder content in the composite material,the water absorption rate increases.Adding silane coupling agent to modify the PLA/bamboo powder composite,the tensile strength and the impact strength of modified composites increase by 119.74%and 86.52%respectively,which are more uniform,with fewer voids and defects.

关 键 词：植物纤维 聚乳酸 木塑复合材料 性能 偶联剂 

分 类 号：TQ325.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]