油气工业中放射性废物的处理和处置  

The Treatment and Disposal of Radioactive Wastes in Oil and Gas Industry

作　　者：米宇豪 以恒冠 廖运璇 王博 汪萍 Mi Yuhao;Yi Hengguan;Liao Yunxuan;Wang Bo;Wang Ping(Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center,MEE,Beijing 100082,China;China Institute for Radiation Protection,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部核与辐射安全中心,北京100082 [2]中国辐射防护研究院,太原030006

出　　处：《核安全》2020年第1期36-42,共7页Nuclear Safety

摘　　要：油气的开采会产生大量的放射性废物,对放射性废物的处理与处置事关公众和环境的辐射安全问题。本文从油气工业放射性废物的源项和存在形式等特征出发,对放射性废物的临时贮存、污染设备的去污及放射性废物的处理、处置过程中涉及的技术方法和相关管理要求进行了介绍,为实践中选择合理可行的处理、处置方案以及建立油气工业放射性废物监管体系提供借鉴和参考。Large amount of radioactive wastes will be generated in the production of oil and gas,and the treat⁃ment and disposal of radioactive wastes are critical to the radiation safety of the public and the environment.Based on the characteristics of source term and existing form of radioactive waste in oil and gas industry,this paper introduces the temporary storage,decontamination of contaminated equipment and disposal of radioac⁃tive waste,and the technical methods involved in the disposal process and related management requirements of radioactive wastes,which provides references for the selection of reasonable and feasible plans of treatment and disposal in practice and for the establishment of radioactive waste regulatory system in oil and gas industry.

关 键 词：油气工业 NORM 放射性废物 处理 处置 

分 类 号：TL94[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]