缅甸的女儿：跨境女性移工在瑞丽的汇款实践与情感连接  

Daughters of Myanmar:Remittance Practice and Emotional Connection of Female Migrant workers in Ruili

作　　者：陈雪 Chen Xue(National Center for Borderlands Ethnic Studies in Southwest China at Yunnan University)

机构地区：[1]云南大学西南边疆少数民族研究中心

出　　处：《开放时代》2020年第1期191-208,M0008,共19页Open Times

基　　金：2018年国家社会科学基金项目“中越老缅边境地区跨国女性‘汇款效应’研究”（项目编号：18BSH101）的阶段性成果

摘　　要：边境地区的跨国人口流动,是一种特殊的迁徙形式。本文聚焦缅甸女性移工作为原生家庭女儿的身份,考察她们在中国边城瑞丽的汇款实践,发现具有政策弹性和地理连接性的边境空间,为其提供了在地与跨国资源,使未婚与已婚女性都与留守家庭保持着紧密的经济和情感往来,构成独特的汇款图景。汇款使低收入女性面临更大的生存压力,她们借助跨国的原乡社会、族群、亲属和家庭网络,以及便利的出入境行动来应对日常困境,并通过手机联络家人,获取情感支持。伴随汇款的生产与传递,还产生了边境社会的多维互动,连接着跨境女性与原乡社会、在地移民群体,以及当地中国人,促进了两国民众的相互理解和情感交流。透过汇款,不仅可以认识跨境女性在跨国社会中的贡献,更能观察到中国边境地区的发展给毗邻国家带来的积极影响。Transnational population mobility in the border areas is a special form of migration. This article focuses on the identity of Myanmar female migrant workers as daughters of their parental families and examines their remittance practices in Ruili,a border town in China.It is found that the border space with policy flexibility and geographic connectivity has provided these female migrant workers with local and transnational resources,allowing both the unmarried and the married to maintain close economic and emotional exchanges with their parental families at home. Remittance puts low-income female migrant workers under greater pressure to survive.They use the transnational network of hometown folks,ethnic groups,relatives and families,as well as convenient cross-border journeys,to cope with daily hardship. They also contact their family members via mobile phones for emotional support. More remittance operations give rise to multi-dimensional interactions in the border society,connecting the female immigrants with their home society,their fellow expatriates,as well as local Chinese,therefore promoting mutual understanding and emotional exchange between the people of the two countries. Through the phenomenon of remittance,we can apprehend not only the contribution of the female immigrants to transnational societies,but also the positive impact of the development of China’s border areas on neighboring countries.

关 键 词：缅甸 女性移工 汇款 情感连接 

分 类 号：C913.68[经济管理] D733.7[社会学]