右美托咪定在新生儿中的临床应用进展  

The clinical application of dexmedetomidine in neonates

作　　者：刘昱(综述) 贝斐(审校)[1] Liu Yu;Bei Fei(Department of Neonatology,National Children′s Medical Center/Shanghai Children′s Medical Center,Shanghai Jiaotong University of Medicine,Shanghai 200127,China)

机构地区：[1]国家儿童医学中心上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心新生儿科,200127

出　　处：《国际儿科学杂志》2019年第12期883-886,共4页International Journal of Pediatrics

摘　　要：右美托咪定主要通过激动突触前后膜的α2-肾上腺素受体而发挥镇静、镇痛和交感神经阻滞作用。其对呼吸抑制作用小、血液学动力影响小,且可经鼻滴入给药,起效快、创伤小、作用时间适中。近年来已逐渐被应用于新生儿的麻醉辅助、机械通气的镇静镇痛以及辅助检查等。该文就右美托咪定在新生儿中的临床应用进展做一综述。Dexmedetomidine exerts sedative,analgesic and anti-sympathetic effects mainly through activatingα2-adrenergic receptors in the presynaptic and posterior membranes.It has little influence on respiratory system as well as hematological dynamics.In addition,it can be administered by nasal instillation with fast effect,minor trauma and proper duration of action.In recent years,it has been gradually used in neonatal anesthesia assistance,sedation and analgesia of mechanical ventilation,auxiliary examination,etc.This article reviews the progress in clinical application of dexmedetomidine in neonates.

关 键 词：右美托咪定 镇静 镇痛 新生儿 

分 类 号：R61[医药卫生—外科学]