施工扬尘控制用速溶型抑尘剂性能研究  

On performance of rapidly dissolved dust suppressant in controlling construction dust

作　　者：李颖泉[1,2] 赵保卫 董波[1,2,3] 蔡觉先[1,2,3] 李旭 LI Ying-quan;ZHAO Bao-wei;DONG Bo;CAI Jue-xian;LI Xu(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Dust Suppression for Transportation and Storage Engineering Research Center Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730070,China;Lanzhou Tianji Environmental Protection Limited Company,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省交通储运扬尘治理工程技术研究中心,兰州730070 [3]兰州天际环境保护有限公司,兰州730070

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2019年第6期2088-2094,共7页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：科技部重大专项(2016YFC0206003);兰州市人才创新创业项目(2014-RC-38,2018-RC-84);甘肃省科技小巨人企业培育计划项目(1407JLGA001);兰州交通大学青年科学基金(2018033)

摘　　要：随着城市化进程加快,城市建设工程施工扬尘污染日益严重,已成为影响城市空气质量的重要因素之一。针对这一问题,以丙烯酸(AA)为功能单体、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)为硬单体、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为软单体、过硫酸铵(APS)为引发剂、十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)/辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚(OP-10)为阴/非离子型复合乳化剂,采用乳液聚合法合成了速溶型液体抑尘剂,并对其乳液性能、抑尘性能、腐蚀性和毒性进行了研究,分析了其使用成本。结果表明,抑尘剂固含量为51. 0%,黏度为9. 6 m Pa·s,乳液稳定性好,可以存放6个月。抑尘剂不需要外加搅拌设备即可快速溶解于水中。将固含量为1. 0%的抑尘剂稀释溶液以2. 0 L/m2的喷洒量喷洒在土样上,固结层平均厚度为13. 5 mm;在风速为30m/s的风洞中吹蚀5. 0 min,风蚀率为0. 04%,满足现行抑尘行业标准的要求。腐蚀性、毒性测试结果表明,该抑尘剂无腐蚀、无毒。该抑尘剂使用成本约为0. 6元/m2。The given paper intends to present its synthesis of a quickly dissolved dust suppressant by emulsion polymerization through the mixture of acrylic acid(AA) as a functional monomer,and methyl methacrylate(MMA) as a hard monomer. At the same time,we have also taken butyl acrylate(BA) as a soft monomer,ammonium persulfate(APS) as an initiator and sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)/octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether(OP-10) as an anion/non-ionic composite emulsifier. The starting point of the paper is that,with the fast development of the urban areas,air pollution has been becoming aggravated due to the dust produced in and spread from the construction sites in such areas. Seeing the ever aggravated situation of the dust suppression,with its corrosion and toxicity harmful nature,we have made an investigation of the dust suppressant emulsion at lower application cost. The investigation and identification results of the dust suppressant emulsion indicate that the solid content of the suppressant takes about 51% and its viscosity is 9. 6 m Pa·s. And,due to the nice emulsion stability of the suppressant,it could be stored for 6 months. Moreover,the dust suppressant could be quickly dissolved in the water in no more than3 min with no need to use any mixing equipment. Furthermore,the dilution of the dust suppressant with 1% of solid content can be sprayed to the soil samples at the spraying amount of 2 L/m2,whichcan result in a consolidative layer of 13. 5 mm in average thickness. In addition,the wind erosion rate can be calculated at about 0. 04% in the wind tunnel at a speed of 30 m/s and blow for 5 min,which can be expected to reach the demands of the current dust suppression industry standards. And,finally,the corrosion test results prove that the uniform corrosion rate of the dust suppressant is similar to that of the distilled water. What is more,the toxicity test results also reveal that the dust suppressant is non-toxic as well as inexpensive(about 0. 6 yuan/m2).Due to its nice application prospect in the field of constru

关 键 词：环境工程学 施工扬尘 速溶型抑尘剂 丙烯酸酯乳液 性能 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]