一体式膜生物反应器在分散式生活污水处理中的应用  

Application and optimization of submerged membrane bioreactor in treating domestic sewage

作　　者：史晨 顾斌 李荧 胡常虹 肖旷 曹建国 张华堂 朱小彪 陈吕军 SHI Chen;GU Bin;LI Ying;HU Chang-hong;XIAO Kuang;CAO Jian-guo;ZHANG Hua-tang;ZHU Xiao-biao;CHEN Lu-jun(Institute of Tsinghua University,Langfang065001,Hebei,China;Schoolof Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Zhejiang Shuangyi Environmental Technology Development Co.Ltd.,Jiaxing 314001,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]河北清华发展研究院,河北廊坊065001 [2]清华大学环境学院,北京100084 [3]浙江双益环保科技发展有限公司,浙江嘉兴314001

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2019年第6期2137-2143,共7页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：廊坊市科学技术研究与发展计划项目(2014013003B-2)

摘　　要：以某研究院生活污水为处理对象,采用倒置A2O(缺氧-厌氧-好氧)工艺的一体式膜生物反应器(Membrane Bioreactor,MBR)考察了水力停留时间、回流比等重要参数对污染物去除效率的影响,并确定最佳工艺参数。在最佳工艺条件下,试验考察了工艺出水水质、氮元素存在形式及膜污染情况。结果表明,出水水质指标COD、BOD5、浊度、氨氮的平均去除率分别为87. 2%、96. 9%、97. 7%、99. 3%,最高出水质量浓度分别为47 mg/L、2. 2 mg/L、0. 37 NTU、2. 42 mg/L。MBR对总磷去除效率相对较低,出水TP质量浓度为1. 6~3. 9 mg/L(平均为2. 2 mg/L),平均去除率为58%,总磷的去除主要依靠投加PAC混凝剂实现。进、出水中氮主要以氨氮和硝态氮形态存在,出水中亚硝态氮质量浓度为0. 09mg/L;膜通量为7. 44 L/(m2·h)条件下,MBR的跨膜压差可通过在线化学清洗维持在9~18 k Pa,而通过离线化学清洗跨膜压差可恢复至6. 04 k Pa,明显低于稳定运行期的水平。一体式膜生物反应器具有抗冲击负荷、能耗低、处理量大等优点,其在小规模污水处理中具有较好的应用前景。The present paper is engaged in a study on the domestic sewage treatment by using the integrated processing technology of the anoxic/anaerobic/oxic(A2 O)-membrane bioreactor(short for MBR). For the said purpose,we have investigated the key parameters in dealing with the sewage treating,methods,including the hydraulic retention time(HRT) and the reflux ratio. The optimalized processing parameters can be gained in accordance with the removal effects of the pollutants,whereas the effluent quality,the form of the nitrogen element and membrane fouling pace have to be traced and determinated based on the optimized processing parameters. Thus,as a result,the average removal efficiency of the chemical oxygen demand(COD),the biochemical oxygen demand(BOD5),the turbidity and ammonia nitrogen have been found equal to 87. 2%,96. 9%,97. 7% and99. 3%,respectively,whereas the corresponding highest concentration rates have been detected as 47 mg/L,2. 2 mg/L,0. 37 NTU,2. 42 mg/L,correspondingly. As to the removal ratio of the total phosphorus(TP),it should be said rather poor.To be exact,the effluent of the TP mass concentration can be said equal to 1. 6-3. 9 mg/L(the average rate for 2. 2 mg/L),with the average removal ratio being merely 58%. On the other hand,the phosphorus components can mainly be removed by the PAC coagulant. Besides,since the nitrogen element form of the influent is ammonia nitrogen,the nitrogen element product of the effluent should be existing in the nitrate nitrogen. Careful study of the nitrite nitrogen mass can let us find that the concentration rate of the effluent should be said equal to 0. 09 mg/L. And,if the mode of the constant flux filtration can be adopted for this paper,the membrane flux of the approximately 7. 44 L/(m2·h)should be kept at 9-18 k Pa through the online chemical cleaning whereas the pressure could be recovered to 6. 04 k Pa by the offline chemical cleaning. However,the pressure can usually be found noticeably lower than the one during the regular operation phase. Thus,the integra

关 键 词：环境工程学 生活污水 膜生物反应器 运行特性 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]