赛黑桦不同半同胞家系种子活力比较  

Seed Vigor of Different Half-sib Families in Betula schmidtii

作　　者：林琳 高宇婷 程福山 辛本花 王贵春[2] 夏富才[1] 穆怀志[1] LIN Lin;GAO Yu-Ting;CHENG Fu-Shan;XIN Ben-Hua;WANG Gui-Chun;XIA Fu-Cai;MU Huai-Zhi(Forestry College,Beihua University,Jilin 132013;Jiaohe Forestry Experimental Area Administration,Jilin Province,Jiaohe 132517)

机构地区：[1]北华大学林学院,吉林132013 [2]吉林省蛟河林业实验区管理局,蛟河132517

出　　处：《植物研究》2020年第1期125-132,共8页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：吉林省教育厅“十三五”科学技术项目(JJKH20180348KJ);北华大学青年培育基金(2017QNJJL07);北华大学博士科研启动基金;国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0504102)~~

摘　　要：种子活力能够预测幼苗的生长势和适应性,可作为评价采种母树的重要指标。赛黑桦作为东北林区木质坚硬的树种之一,关于其种子活力研究尚未见报道。比较不同家系赛黑桦种子活力,对赛黑桦采种母树进行初步评价,可为赛黑桦优良家系的选择提供参考。本研究以赛黑桦蛟河、集安和珲春3个采种地共30个半同胞家系为试材,对采种地及家系间种子千粒重、发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、出苗率和幼苗健壮率等7个性状进行了方差分析、遗传力估算、多重比较、相关性分析,并利用主成分分析法对参试家系进行了综合评价。[JP2]结果表明,赛黑桦种子活力指数和幼苗健壮率在不同采种地间的差异达到了显著或极显著水平;7个性状在不同家系间的差异均达到显著或极显著水平;除出苗率和幼苗健壮率外,各性状的家系遗传力均高于0.68;7个性状间均呈现显著或极显著的正相关;采用主成分分析法选择JH6、JA1、JA7、JH10、JH3、HC1和HC10等7个家系为优良家系,这些家系的种子千粒重、发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、出苗率和幼苗健壮率的平均值分别比总平均值高3.87%、30.29%、30.22%、31.99%、58.22%、11.88%和30.60%。初步认为这些优良家系的母树是赛黑桦采种的首选母树。Seed vigor can be applied to predict the growth and adaptability of sapling,which is usually taken as an important evaluation index for seed trees.Betula schmidtii as one of the hardest tree species in northeast forest area,the seed vigor has not been reported.The seed vigor of different families was compared,and the seed trees were preliminarily evaluated,which could provide reference for selecting B.schmidtii superior family.Nested ANOVA test,heritability estimation,multiple comparison,correlation analysis on thousand seed wright,germination rate,germination energy,germination index,vigor index,emergence rate and robust rate were conducted by taking 30 half-sib families from Jiaohe,Ji'an and Hunchun in B.schmidtii,and principal component analysis was used to evaluate comprehensively the tested families.There was significant difference in robust rate and extremely significant difference in vigor index among seed sources,and there were significant or extremely significant family effects for all studied traits.Except emergence rate and robust rate,the family heritability in each of the other traits was higher than 0.68.The positive correlation in all studied traits was significant or extremely significant in different families.Based on the results of principal component analysis,JH6,JA1,JA7,JH10,JH3,HC1 and HC10 were identified as the superior families.On average,the seed wright,germination rate,germination energy,germination index,vigor index,emergence rate and robust rate of superior families were 3.87%,30.29%,30.22%,31.99%,58.22%,11.88%and 30.60%higher than those of the 30 families,respectively.We recommend the seed trees of these superior families as preferred seed trees in the future.

关 键 词：赛黑桦 半同胞家系 种子活力 

分 类 号：S722.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种]