地铁隧道火灾人员疏散可靠度研究  

Reliability research of human evacuation in subway tunnel fire

作　　者：姜学鹏[1,2,3] 张帆 陈欣格[1,2] JIANG Xue-peng;ZHANG Fan;CHEN Xin-ge(School of Resource and Environmental Engineering,Wu⁃han University of Science and Technology,Hubei Wuhan 430081,China;Fire Safety Technology Institute,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Hubei Wuhan 430081,China;Hubei Provincial Industrial Safety Engineering Technology Research Center,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Hubei Wu⁃han 430081,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院,湖北武汉430081 [2]武汉科技大学消防安全技术研究所,湖北武汉430081 [3]湖北省工业安全工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉430081

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2020年第1期9-13,共5页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51874213);公安部消防局科研计划项目(2016XFCX20);湖北省自然科学基金资助项目(2015CFB200)

摘　　要：研究地铁隧道人员安全疏散可靠度,为安全疏散设施设置提供决策依据。采用FDS建立某隧道列车火灾模型,研究不同排烟模式下列车中部火灾人员可用安全疏散时间。采用Pathfinder软件模拟不同疏散场景下的人员疏散过程,获得人员必需安全疏散时间。采用SPSS软件进行正态分布分析,计算不同疏散场景下的人员安全疏散可靠度。结果表明:采用纵向通风排烟可有效提高人员安全疏散可靠度,在火源位于疏散口中间和疏散口处时,可分别提高82.48%和86.62%;相同疏散条件下,人员疏散可靠度随火源功率以及疏散口间距的增大而减小,而疏散门宽度对人员疏散可靠度几乎无影响。The study of reliability of personnel safety evacuation in subway tunnel can provide decision-making basis for its safe evacuation facilities setting.FDS was used to establish the tunnel train fire model,study the available safe evacuation time of personnel in fire at the middle of train under different smoke exhaust modes.Pathfinder was used to simulate the evacuation process of people in different evacuation scenarios and the required safe evacuation time was obtained.SPSS was used to analyze the normal distribution and calculate the safety evacuation reliability of personnel in different evacuation scenarios.The research results showed that the vertical ventilation and smoke exhaust can effectively improve the safety of personnel evacuation.When the fire source is located at the middle of the evacuation port and at the evacuation port,it can be increased by 82.48%and 86.62%respectively.Under the same evacuation conditions,the evacuation reliability decreases with the increase of the fire source power and the distance between evacuation exits,while the evacuation door width has little effect on the evacuation reliability.

关 键 词：地铁隧道 列车火灾 人员疏散 疏散可靠度 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学] U459.1[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]