全绿吊兰茎叶系统净化室内甲醛及其生理指标变化  

Indoor Formaldehyde Removal by Stem-Leaf System of Green Chlorophytum and Variation of Corresponding Physiological Characteristics

作　　者：钟娇婵 李剑[1] 占婷 刘庆辉 杨航 郭谍 颜流水[1] ZHONG Jiaochan;LI Jian;ZHAN Ting;LIU Qinghui;YANG Hang;GUO Die;YAN Liushui(National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of heavy Metals Pollutants Controlar and Resource,Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang 330063,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学重金属污染物控制与资源化国家地方联合工程研究中心

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2020年第2期341-348,共8页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.21467018);江西省教育厅项目(No.GJJ170576)~~

摘　　要：为了对全绿吊兰盆栽茎叶系统净化室内空气甲醛污染的效率及其叶片各生理指标的变化特征进行全面研究,采用动态熏蒸系统在甲醛环境下对全绿吊兰进行长达7 d的熏蒸处理,分析盆栽茎叶系统在不同时间段内对空气中甲醛的去除率及熏蒸后叶片的生理变化特性.结果表明,全绿吊兰盆栽茎叶系统在φ(甲醛)为1×10^-6、5×10^-6及8×10^-6时对空气中甲醛的平均去除率分别为54.4%、48.2%和30.7%,并且白天的去除率(71.1%±0.2%)明显高于夜间(36.2%±0.2%),下午的去除率(60.0%±0.0%)高于上午(50.7%±0.1%),熏蒸后期的去除率(57.0%±0.2%)高于前期(51.9%±0.3%).对熏蒸后全绿吊兰盆栽叶片的生理指标测定结果表明,与对照组相比,除了叶片中w(叶绿素)和CAT活性下降外,其余生理指标均表现为上升,其中,电导率和H_2O_2含量的变化最大,φ(甲醛)为8×10^-6时分别提高了165.8%和522.2%,而抗氧化酶总活性的增强有效地清除了积累的氧化物,维持了全绿吊兰盆栽的正常生长.另外,经过8×10^-6的甲醛熏蒸后,与对照组相比,叶片表面气孔形态变得更加细小狭长甚至完全闭合,但是全绿吊兰盆栽的茎叶外观并无明显受损症状,而且叶片中MDA含量与T-AOC活性在熏蒸后15 d时基本能恢复至正常水平.研究显示,全绿吊兰盆栽对甲醛具有较高的去除能力且有较强的抗耐性及自愈能力,其叶片中各项生理指标的变化则反映了全绿吊兰盆栽与甲醛之间的相互反应机制.The green Chlorophytum was treated with formaldehyde for 7-days by a dynamic fumigation system.The purification efficiency of the stem-leaf system and the physiological characteristics of the leaves of the plant were investigated.The results showed that when formaldehyde concentration was 1×10^-6,8×10^-6,and 8×10^-6,the average purification efficiency was 54.4%,48.2%and 30.7%,respectively.The efficiency during the day(71.1%±0.2%)was higher than that at night(36.2%±0.2%),it was higher in the afternoon(60.0%±0.0%)than in the morning(50.7%±0.1%),and the later fumigation period(57.0%±0.2%)was higher than the first fumigation(51.9%±0.3%).Compared with before fumigation,all the indexes increased,except the chlorophyll content and the catalase(CAT)activity.Among all the indexes,the relative conductivity and H 2O 2 content had the largest changes,increasing by 165.8%and 522.2%,respectively,when the concentration was 8×10^-6.The increase of total antioxidant enzyme activities effectively removed the accumulated oxide and maintained the normal growth of the green Chlorophytum.In addition,after fumigation with 8×10^-6 of formaldehyde,the stomatal morphology on the leaves became smaller,narrower and even completely closed than that in the control group.While the appearance of the stems and leaves had no obvious symptoms of damage,and the content of malonaldehyde(MDA)and the activity of T-AOC returned to normal on the 15 th day after treatment.The results showed that the green Chlorophytum had higher removal ability,strong tolerance and self-healing ability under the formaldehyde stress.The changes of the physiological indexes in the leaves reflected the mutual reaction mechanism between the green Chlorophytum and formaldehyde.

关 键 词：室内甲醛 全绿吊兰盆栽 去除率 生理特征 恢复期 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]