中国典型洞穴鱼类名录、分布及保护  

Checklist, distribution and conservation of typical cavefish in China

作　　者：张佩玲 黄太福 吴涛[1] 黄兴龙 张佑祥[1] 刘志霄[1] ZHANG Peiling;HUANG Taifu;WU Tao;HUAND Xinlong;ZHANG Youxiang;LIU Zhixiao(College of Biology and Environmental Sciences,Jishou University,Jishou,Hunan 416000,China;Hunan Hupingshan National Nature Reserve Administration,Shimen,Hunan 416000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉首大学生物资源与环境科学学院,湖南吉首416000 [2]湖南壶瓶山国家级自然保护区管理局,湖南石门416000

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2019年第6期937-945,共9页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31560130);湖南省大学生研究性学习和创新性实验计划项目(湘教通[2018]225号-601)

摘　　要：基于最新的分类系统,对中国典型洞穴鱼类名录、分布、受胁状况及部分特征进行了整理。结果表明:中国境内已发现典型洞穴鱼类2目4科13属90种,其中鲤科的金线鲃属(38种)和条鳅科的高原鳅属(25种)为物种数较多的属。典型洞穴鱼类的体型较小,数量稀少,分布狭窄,研究资料很少,63%的种类的受胁等级数据缺乏或未被评估。对鳞片、眼睛和体表色素的统计分析显示,这3种形态特征的退化情况并不同步,推测它们在洞穴鱼类的演化过程中可能是相互独立的。A latest checklist on the diversity,distribution,threatened status and some features of typical cavefish species in China was prepared and statistically analyzed based on the updated taxonomic system.The results indicate that there are a total of 90 fish species belonging to 2 orders,4 families and 13 genera,of which Sinocyclocheilus(38 species)and Triplophysa(25 species)are the dominant genera.These typical cavefish are of relatively small body size,rare population size,and narrow distribution with few research literature,and 63%species are deficient of data or not evaluated in the Endangered Category.The statistic morphology of scales,eyes and skin pigments show that their degradations are not synchronized,presumably the evolution of them fin cavefish might be independent of one another.

关 键 词：典型洞穴鱼类 名录 分布 形态特征 中国 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]