齿链复合式残膜回收机设计与试验  

Design and experiment of tooth chain compound residual film recovery machine

作　　者：谢建华 唐炜 曹肆林 韩英杰[1] 张毅 杨豫新 李开杰 Xie Jianhua;Tang Wei;Cao Silin;Han Yingjie;Zhang Yi;Yang Yuxin;Li Kaijie(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Mechanical Equipment Research Institute,Xinjiang Academy of Land Reclamation Sciences,Shihezi 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学机电工程学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农垦科学院机械装备研究所,石河子832000

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2020年第1期11-19,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目（51965058）;新疆自治区区域协同创新项目（2019E0202）;中国农业大学-新疆农业大学联合基金项目（2017TC009）

摘　　要：针对摆杆驱动式残膜回收机拾膜机构漏捡、卸膜机构回带地膜等问题,该文设计了一种齿链复合式残膜回收机。为了提高残膜回收率,该机具采用齿链式拾膜机构和杆齿式拾膜机构配合拾膜,并采用固定刮板式卸膜机构卸膜。为确保机具的可靠性,通过对拾膜、卸膜机构工作机理和动力学分析,获得拾膜机构运动轨迹和方程,确定了实现残膜捡拾、输送和脱卸的条件。以机具行进速度、拾膜齿入土深度、齿链式拾膜机构与杆齿式拾膜机构转速比(速比)为试验因素,拾膜率和缠膜率为响应值,进行了三因素三水平响应面试验,得到各因素的响应面模型,分析了各因素对作业效果的影响,并对各因素进行优化。结果表明,试验因素对拾膜率的影响大小顺序为:速比>机具行进速度>拾膜齿入土深度;对缠膜率的影响大小顺序为:机具行进速度>拾膜齿入土深度>速比。以优化后的结果进行验证试验,结果表明,当机具行进速度0.9 m/s,拾膜齿入土深度42 mm,速比0.6时作业效果最佳,拾膜率87.2%,缠膜率1.6%,拾膜率与理论优化值相差1.3%,缠膜率与理论优化值相差6.3%,误差较小,优化模型可靠,研究结果可为齿链复合式残膜回收机最佳工作参数的选择提供参考。In order to solve the problems such as the missed picking up of the film pickup mechanism of the swing rod driven residual film recovery machine and the returning of the film unloading mechanism with the mulch film, and optimize the structure of the machine, the tooth chain compound residual film recovery machine was designed. Tooth chain film pickup mechanism and rod-tooth film pickup mechanism were adopted in the tooth chain compound residual film recovery machine which cooperate with each other to improve the film pickup rate, the fixing scraper type film unloading mechanism was used to solve the problem of return in the process of residual film unloading. Through the analysis of working principle and dynamics of film pickup and unloading mechanism, the movement track and equation of film pickup mechanism were obtained, and the conditions of picking, conveying and unloading of residual film were determined. In order to determine the optimum structure and working parameters of the tooth chain compound residual film recovery machine and optimize the structure of the machine, the three-factor and three-level response tests of this machine were carried out. Three factors were taken as test factors: the machine advancing velocity, the depth of pickup tooth into soil, the speed ratio of the tooth chain film pickup mechanism to the rod-tooth film pickup mechanism(speed ratio), and the film pickup rate and the film wrapping rate were taken as test indexes. The quadratic regression models of each factor on film pickup rate and film wrapping rate were established by using Design-Expert data analysis software. The significance of each factor on film pickup rate and film wrapping rate was analyzed. The results showed that the significant effects of the experimental factors on the film pickup rate were that speed ratio > the machine advancing velocity > the depth of pickup tooth into soil, and the significant effects on the film wrapping rate were: that the machine advancing velocity > the depth of pickup tooth into soil >

关 键 词：农业机械 设计 试验 残膜回收 杆齿 齿链 参数优化 

分 类 号：S223.5[农业科学—农业机械化工程]