天津沿岸一次持续性强浓雾演变特征观测分析  

Observation Analysis on Evolution Characteristics of a Continuous Strong Fog in Tianjin Coastal Area

作　　者：靳振华 吴彬贵[2] 林毅[2] 徐灵芝 JIN Zhenhua;WU Bingui;LIN Yi;XU Lingzhi(Tianjin Binhai New Area Meteorological Office,Tianjin 300457,China;Tianjin Meteorological Bureau,Tianjin 300074,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市滨海新区气象局,天津300457 [2]天津市气象局,天津300074

出　　处：《天津科技》2020年第2期77-82,共6页Tianjin Science & Technology

基　　金：环渤海协同创新基金项目“区域海气耦合模式对渤海海雾模拟能力的性能检验和原因初探”(QYXM201713)

摘　　要：利用常规地面观测、Micaps、微波辐射计、风廓线仪等观测资料,详细分析了2016年12月31日~2017年1月4日天津沿岸一次浓雾过程的演变特征。结果表明:这是一次平流辐射雾过程,以冷雾为主,呈阶段性、浓度大特征。浓雾时段1期间,500 hPa、700 hPa以纬向环流为主,850 hPa、925 hPa和1000 hPa为暖性结构,有南北向切变线过境,地面由均压场转为高压前部,西南风转为北风,最大风速为3 m/s;浓雾时段2期间,500 h Pa、700 hPa、850 hPa天津地区受西北气流控制,925 hPa西南气流强盛,1000 hPa受偏东气流影响,925 h Pa、1000 h Pa伴有暖脊过境,地面为高压前部,风向多变,风速微弱。此外,浓雾时段1期间,逆温层一直稳定存在,最大厚度为1.0 km,维持4 h,最强逆温极大值为1.3℃/50 m,饱和层最大厚度0.35 km,低空急流输送水汽,偏北风的入侵使得辐射降温明显;浓雾时段2期间,逆温层最大厚度为1.1 km,1.0 km以上维持10 h,强逆温极大值为1.6℃/50 m,饱和层最大厚度仅为0.15 km,东南风输送的水汽使得浓雾天气维持,风速较小。The evolution of thick fog in Tianjin Coastal Area from December 31,2016 to January 4,2017 is analyzed by using conventional observation,Micaps,microwave radiometer and wind profiler.The results show that:(1)It is advection radiation fog,mainly cold fog,with staged and high density;(2)During the first period,it is zonal circulation at 500 hPa and 700 h Pa.It exhibits warm structure at 850 h Pa,925 h Pa and 1000 h Pa,with north-south shear.There is change from uniform pressure field to front of high pressure in surface,with southwest converting to north,the maximum wind speed being 3 m·s-1.During the second period,it is controlled by the northwest at 500 hPa,700 hPa and 850 hPa,the southwest being strong at 925 hPa,the eastern appearing at 1000 hPa,accompanied by warm ridge at 925 hPa and 1000 hPa.It is in front of high pressure in surface,with the wind direction changeable and the wind speed weak;(3)During the first period,the inversion layer remains stable,with the maximum thickness 1.0 km and lasting 4 h.The maximum inversion temperature is 1.3℃/50 m.The maximum thickness of saturated layer is 0.35 km.The low-level jet conveys vapor.The invasion of norther makes the radiation cooling obvious.During the second period,the maximum thickness of inversion layer is 1.1 km,lasting 10 h above 1.0 km.The maximum of strong inversion temperature is 1.6℃/50 m.The maximum thickness of the saturated layer is only 0.15 km.The vapor transported by the southeast keeps the fog with the week wind speed.

关 键 词：平流辐射雾 阶段性 低空急流 强逆温 饱和层 

分 类 号：P426.4.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]