新时代特大城市地铁安全风险的社会学解析  

A Sociological Analysis on Metro Safety Risks in Megacities in the New Era

作　　者：王伯承 张广利[2] Wang Bocheng;Zhang Guangli

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学马克思主义海洋文明与中国道路研究中心,上海201306 [2]华东理工大学社会与公共管理学院,上海200237

出　　处：《中州学刊》2020年第1期87-94,共8页Academic Journal of Zhongzhou

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“特大城市社会风险系统治理研究”(16ZDA083);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“工程项目社会稳定风险的差异性呈现及其精细化治理研究”(19YJC840039)

摘　　要：随着国家社会经济不断深化发展,特大城市防范化解重大风险能力在维护社会稳定领域的重要性日益凸显。新时期,方便快捷的地铁已成为特大城市现代化生活的重要标志。与此同时,风险突发、复合叠加、时空压缩、危害全面等新兴风险特质在地铁安全风险领域表现得特别显著:一是风险的随机性和不可预测性;二是风险具有全局性和系统性;三是风险隐患主要源于人流量大、受众广泛以及自身抗风险能力弱;四是一旦发生事故,伤亡多,应急处置难。由于国情不同,中国特大城市地铁安全风险的特质与西方资本主义国家有着显著区别。西方国家因恐怖主义活动、阶级(阶层)冲突等造成的地铁安全事故数量比较多且后果特别严重;中国特大城市的地铁安全事故却相对温和,但是对恶性的、危害严重的安全事故风险亦不能放松警惕,亟须提前做好预防和应急准备。With the deepening development of China′s social construction and economic level,the prevention and resolution of ma jor risks in megacities has become increasingly important in maintaining social security and social stability.In the new era,the conven ient subway has become an important symbol of the modern life of megacities.At the same time,the newly-emerging risk characteris tics,such as sudden occurrence,compound superposition,space-time compression,and comprehensive harm,are particularly promi nent in the field of subway safety risks:first,the randomness and unpredictability of risks;second,the overall and systematic nature of risks;third,the large number of passengers and their weak anti-risk ability;fourth,many casualties,and the difficult emergency re sponse in the event of accidents.Due to different national conditions,the characteristics of subway safety risks in China′s megacities are quite different from those in Western capitalist countries.In Western countries,the number of subway safety accidents caused by terror ist activities or class conflicts is relatively large and the consequences are particularly serious;in China,the subway safety accidents in megacities are relatively mild,but the risk of malignant and serious safety accidents cannot be ignored or neglected.It is imperative to make prevention and emergency preparations in advance.

关 键 词：特大城市 地铁安全 风险防控 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]