粤北山区多花黑麦草腐解规律及养分释放动态  

Decomposition Characteristics and Nutrient Release Dynamics of Italian Ryegrass in the Mountainous Areas of Northern Guangdong

作　　者：贾戌禹 程俊康[1] 朱碧岩[2] 王宇涛[2] 辛国荣[1] 陈卫国 Jia Xuyu;Cheng Junkang;Zhu Biyan;Wang Yutao;Xin Guorong;Chen Weiguo(State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/School of Life Sciences,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510275,China;School of Life Science,South China Normal University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510631,China;Dongli Planting and Farming Industrial Co.,LTD,Lianzhou,Guangdong 513400,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省热带亚热带植物资源与利用重点实验室/中山大学生命科学学院,广东广州510275 [2]华南师范大学生命科学学院,广东广州510631 [3]广东省连州市东篱种养实业有限公司,广东连州513400

出　　处：《草学》2020年第1期14-18,25,共6页Journal of Grassland and Forage Science

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(20150122-15);“扬帆计划”引进创新创业团队专项资助(2015YT02H032)资助

摘　　要：本试验通过尼龙网袋埋田法探究了多花黑麦草在粤北山区的腐解规律及养分释放动态。结果表明:2018年4月初到7月底,埋田的多花黑麦草腐解速率在前期较快,在腐解4周时腐解率达到58.41%,之后腐解速率逐渐减慢;氮磷的释放速率同样表现为前期较快,后期较慢,整个试验期间氮和磷的释放率可达88.55%和92.39%。若以约68000 kg·hm-2的黑麦草作为绿肥还田,相当于给土壤施用了230 kg·hm-2的氮肥和30 kg·hm-2的磷肥;多花黑麦草还田改善了土壤养分状况,具有绿肥功能,使土壤有机质含量从38.63 g·kg^-1提升至50.06 g·kg^-1,提高了29.59%;速效磷含量从23.61 mg·kg^-1提升至27.30 mg·kg^-1,提高了15.63%;碱解氮含量从198.39 mg·kg^-1提升至245.64 mg·kg^-1,提高了23.82%。The characteristics of decomposition and nutrients release of Italian ryegrass were studied in mountainous areas of northern Guangdong,using thenylon net bag burying method.The results indicated that during the experimental time lasting from the beginning of April to the end of July 2018,the Italian ryegrass buried in the soil was decomposed faster at the early stage,and the decomposition rate reached to 58.41% after 4 weeks of burying;then the decomposition rate slowed down gradually;The release rates of nitrogen and phosphorus were also faster at the early stage,and then slow down at the later stage;The release rate of nitrogen and phosphorus reached to 88.55% and 92.39%,respectively at the end of the experiment.These results showed that if we return the Italian ryegrass as green manure to the field at the amount of 68000kg·hm^-2,it equivalents to the application of 230kg·hm^-2 nitrogen and 30kg·hm^-2 phosphorus fertilizers to the soil.As a green manure,Italian ryegrass amendments improved the soil nutrient status:it increased the soil organic matter content by 29.59%(from 38.63 to 50.06g·kg^-1),the available phosphorus content by 15.63%(from 23.61 to 27.30 mg·kg^-1),and the alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen content by 23.82%(from 198.39 to 245.64 mg·kg^-1).

关 键 词：多花黑麦草 绿肥 腐解 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S544.037[农业科学—作物学]