新型加热器在运载火箭绿色单元发动机上的应用  

Application of New Type Heaters in the Green Monopropellant Thruster of Launch Vehicle

作　　者：刘俊 邱鑫 段德莉[3] LIU Jun;QIU Xin;DUAN Deli(Shanghai Institute of Space Propulsion,Shanghai 201112,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Space Engine,Shanghai 201112,China;Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]上海空间推进研究所,上海201112 [2]上海空间发动机工程技术研究中心,上海201112 [3]中国科学院金属研究所,辽宁沈阳110016

出　　处：《上海航天（中英文）》2020年第1期113-118,124,共7页Aerospace Shanghai（Chinese&English）

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会基金资助项目(17DZ2280800)

摘　　要：运载火箭用绿色单元发动机需要预热达到120℃以上才能正常起动,为了降低发动机的加热功耗,开展了新型高效加热器的研究。根据加热器的工作特点,提出了管式和弧式两种加热器结构,外壳都采用高温合金。通过发动机数值仿真与发动机高空热试车相结合的方式进行了对比分析考核,结果表明:两种加热器都通过了热试车考核,在相同的加热功率与加热时间条件下,弧式加热器对发动机的加热效果更好,能够降低发动机加热功率和缩短加热时间,已成为运载火箭使用的方案。The green monopropellant thruster of launch vehicle needs to be preheated to over 120ºC to start normally.In order to reduce the heating power consumption of the thruster,the research on new type heaters with high efficiency is carried out.According to the working characteristics of heaters,two types of heaters,i.e.,arc type and pipe type,are proposed,the shells of which are both made of high temperature alloys.The combined approach of numerical simulation and high altitude thermal test is carried out on the thrust to comparatively analyze and examine the two types of heaters.The results show that both heaters pass the thermal test examination.Besides,under the same conditions,the heating effect of the arc heater is better.It can reduce the heating power and shorten the heating time,and has become one of used schemes for launch vehicle.

关 键 词：单元发动机 绿色单元推进剂 新型弧式加热器 

分 类 号：V434[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]