甜玉米籽粒不同采收期含水量与物性品质的相关性  

Relationship Between Water Content and Physical Properties and Quality of Sweet Corn at Different Harvesting Periods

作　　者：卢柏山[1] 董会 徐丽[1] 史亚兴[1] 赵久然[1] 樊艳丽[1] 俞嫒年 LU Baishan;DONG Hui;XU Li;SHI Yaxing;ZHAO Jiuran;FAN Yanli;YU Ainian(Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding, Beijing 100097,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院玉米研究中心玉米DNA指纹及分子育种北京市重点实验室

出　　处：《华北农学报》2019年第S01期69-77,共9页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：北京市农林科学院青年科研基金(QNJJ201723);北京市农林科学院院级科技创新团队建设项目(JNKYT201603);北京市科技计划课题(Z171100001517013);北京市粮经作物产业创新团队(BAIC09-2019)

摘　　要：为了明确不同采收期下甜玉米籽粒含水量和物性品质的差异,以我国主推京科甜608等7个甜玉米品种为研究材料,设置授粉后12,15,18,21,24,27,30 d共计7个采收期处理,研究了不同采收期下甜玉米籽粒TPA物性特征值、感官品质和含水量的动态变化。利用主成分分析将各TPA物性特征参数转换成3个彼此独立的综合指标;利用隶属函数法对3个综合指标分析,得到各参试品种不同采收期TPA物性综合评价D值。结果表明:参试甜玉米品种TPA物性特征参数、感官品质特征参数和含水量均存在不同程度的相关性。参试甜玉米品种感官品质在不同品种和采收期间存在差异,其中气味、风味、色泽和甜度随采收期的推迟呈先升高后降低的趋势,峰值均出现在22 d左右。不同品种间,平均外观品质、气味、风味、甜度以京科甜533、京科甜608、中农大甜413评分相对较高。柔嫩度以米哥和京科甜608评分相对较高;皮薄厚以京科甜608和中农大甜413评分相对较高。通过对TPA物性综合D值、感官品质总评分和含水量的比较得知,感官品质总评分均在85以上时,含水量在76.39%~74.56%,TPA物性综合D值在0.23~0.46。平均TPA物性综合D值在以米哥、京科甜608、中农大甜413相对较低,平均感官品质评分以京科甜533最高(80.65),其次是京科甜608(80.31),京科甜158和京科甜183评分相对较低,分别是76.8,76.7。降水速率以中农大甜413(0.72%/d)、京科甜533(0.77%/d)、京科甜608(0.81%/d)相对较低。In order to clarify the difference of moisture content and physical properties of sweet corn grains between different harvest dates,seven sweet corn varieties,such as Jingketian 608,were used as research materials in China,and 7 harvesting periods were set at 12,15,18,21,24,27,30 d after pollination to study sweet corn kernels in different harvesting periods.Changes in physical property values,sensory qualities,and water content of TPA.Principal component analysis was used to convert each TPA physical property parameter into three independent indicators.The membership function method was used to analyze the three comprehensive indicators,and the D value of TPA physical property evaluation in different harvesting periods was obtained.The results showed that:There were different degrees of correlation between physical property parameters,sensory quality parameters and water content of TPA in the tested sweet corn varieties.The sensory quality of the tested sweet corn varieties varied among different varieties and harvesting periods.The odor,flavor,color and sweetness increased first and then decreased with the delay of harvesting period,and the peaks appeared around 22 d.Among the different varieties,the average appearance quality,smell,flavor,and sweetness were relatively high in Jingketian 533,Jingketian 608,and Zhongnongdatian 413.The tenderness was relatively high with the scores of Miguel and Jingketian 608;the skin thickness was relatively high with Jingketian 608 and Zhongnongdatian 413.By comparing the comprehensive D value of physical properties of TPA,the total score of sensory quality and the water content,the total sensory quality score was above 85,the water content was between 76.39%and 74.56%,and the comprehensive D value of TPA was 0.23-0.46 rooms.The average D value of the average TPA physical property was relatively low in Mige,Jingketian 608,Zhongnongdatian 413,and the average sensory quality score was the highest in Jingketian 533(80.65),followed by Jingketian 608(80.31),Jingketian 158 and Jingk

关 键 词：采收期 甜玉米 TPA物性 感官品质 含水量 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]