生物质炭与有机肥料配施可以促进设施菜地土壤水稳性团聚体形成  

Improvement of Water-stable Aggregates by Combination of Biochar with Organic Fertilizer in Greenhouse Soil

作　　者：王彤 雍继芳 林启美[1] 赵小蓉[1] 李贵桐[1] WANG Tong;YONG Jifang;LIN Qimei;ZHAO Xiaorong;LI Guitong(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院

出　　处：《华北农学报》2019年第S01期176-182,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD05B03)

摘　　要：探讨生物质炭与有机肥料配施时,设施菜地土壤中水稳性团聚体特征,为土壤结构改良提供科学依据。试验设5个处理:①全量常规有机肥(M4)(3.4 kg/m^2),②生物质炭(5 kg/m^2)+全量常规有机肥(BM4),③生物质炭+2/3全量常规有机肥+1/3全量厨余发酵物(BM3K1),④生物质炭+1/2全量常规有机肥+1/2厨余发酵物(BM2K2),⑤生物质炭+1/3全量常规有机肥+全量厨余发酵物(2.26 kg/m^2)(BM1K3),种植西红柿,收获后采集0~25 cm土层土壤,测定土壤水稳性团聚体及其有机碳氮含量。结果显示:生物质炭与常规有机肥料及厨余发酵物配合施用,<0.053 mm团聚体质量分数降低了4.0%~8.5%,而>0.500 mm团聚体增加了2%~6%;各级团聚体有机碳含量大幅度提高了167%以上,但各粒级团聚体全氮含量波动较大,没有明显的规律性。各级团聚体的C/N比提高。这说明输入的有机碳参与各级水稳定性团聚体形成,生物炭与常规有机肥及厨余发酵物存在显著的相互作用,配合施用时,更有利于形成大团聚体,施入的有机物质更多地进入大团聚体,其中生物质炭(5 kg/m^2)与1/3全量常规有机肥(1.14 kg/m^2)及全量厨余发酵物(2.26 kg/m^2)配合施用(BM1K3)的效果最好。It is little known that the impacts of combination of biochar with organic fertilizer on soil water-stable aggregates and their characteristic.A field experiment with five treatments of①manure(3.4 kg/m^2)(M4),②biochar(5 kg/m^2)+manure(BM4),③biochar+2/3 manure+1/3 kichen waste compost(BM3K1),④biochar+1/2 manure+1/2 kichen waste compost(BM2K2),⑤biochar+1/3 manure+kitchen waste compost(2.26 kg/m^2)(BM1K3),was set up in a greenhouse.The soil samples collected from 0-25 cm soil layer and then determined for soil water stable aggregates and their organic carbon and nitrogen contents following tomato growth.The results showed that application of biochar together with manure and kitchen waste compost resulted in a significant reduction in mass proportion of<0.053 mm aggregates by 4.0%-8.5%while increase in the mass proportions of>0.500 mm aggregates by 2%-6%.The organic carbon in all the aggregates increased by at least 167%,however,the total nitrogen content of the aggregates fluctuated greatly without obvious regularity.The ratios of C/N were therefore enhanced in all the aggregates.It was evident that the added organic C entered the aggregates.The combination of biochar with both manure and kitchen waste compost induced a strong interactions in macro-aggregate formation.The appropriate combination might be 5 kg/m^2 biochar together with 1.14 kg/m^2 manure and 2.26 kg/m^2 kitchen waste compost(BM1K3).

关 键 词：生物质炭 厩肥 餐厨发酵物 设施菜地 水稳定性团聚体 

分 类 号：S141[农业科学—肥料学]