尿道下裂患儿及家属术前心理状况  

Preoperative psychological status of children with hypospadias and their families

作　　者：李文 刘铭 熊耕 李显蓉 Li Wen;Liu Ming;Xiong Geng;Li Xianrong(Department of Pediatric Surgery,the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University,Luzhou 646000,China;Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery,the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University,Luzhou 646000,China)

机构地区：[1]西南医科大学附属医院小儿外科,泸州646000 [2]西南医科大学附属医院胃肠外科,泸州646000

出　　处：《国际护理学杂志》2020年第2期242-246,共5页international journal of nursing

基　　金：四川省科技厅项目基金资助(2016SZ0062)。

摘　　要：目的探讨尿道下裂患儿及家属术前心理状况,为尿道下裂患儿治疗过程中的临床护理提供理论指导。方法对该院尿道下裂患儿及家属在手术前1 d进行问卷调查,了解患儿的心理行为和家属的心理及应对疾病的态度。结果父母不同文化程度、职业、患儿是否为独生子、在家中排行情况、是否长期跟随父母生活都会使患儿家属对疾病持有不同的应对态度,尿道下裂患儿家属在躯体化、人际关系敏感、焦虑、抑郁、恐怖方面问题突出(均P<0.001);尿道下裂患儿在活动水平、注意时限和坚持度、节律性、注意分散度、反应阈、反应强度和趋避性方面与中国常模比较,差异有统计学差异(P<0.05),尿道下裂患儿在抑郁因子、多动因子、攻击性因子、社交退缩因子、交往不良因子方面问题突出,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论尿道下裂对患儿及家属的心理、行为会产生明显的负面影响;在尿道下裂的手术治疗中,医护人员应关注尿道下裂对患儿及家属的心理、行为的影响,及时给予相应的心理干预,才能提高患儿及家属的治疗满意度。Objective To explore the preoperative psychological status of children with hypospadias and their families,and to provide theoretical guidance for clinical nursing during the treatment of hypospadias.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on children with hypospadias and their family members 1 day before surgery to understand the psychological behaviors of the children and their family members'attitudes and attitude towards the disease.Results Parents with different educational levels,occupations,whether children were only children,ranking at home,and whether they follow their parents for a long time will make their families have different attitudes toward the disease.Family members of children with hypospadias have prominent problems in somatization,interpersonal sensitivity,anxiety,depression and terror(P<0.001).Compared with the Chinese norm,children with hypospadias showed statistically significant differences in activity level,attention to time limit and persistence,rhythm,attention to dispersion,response threshold,response intensity and avoidance(P<0.05).Children with hypospadias had prominent problems in depression factors,hyperkinetic factors,aggressive factors,social withdrawal factors,and poor communication factors,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions Hypospadias can have a significant negative impact on the psychology and behavior of children and their families.In the surgical treatment of hypospadias,medical staff should pay attention to the psychological and behavioral effects of hypospadias on children and their families.Psychological intervention can improve the treatment satisfaction of children and their families.

关 键 词：儿童 尿道下裂 心理状况 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]