产业竞争力视角下中美贸易失衡问题的探析  

An Analysis of Sino-US Trade Imbalance from the Perspective of Industrial Competitiveness

作　　者：周金凯[1] Zhou Jin-kai

机构地区：[1]北京青年政治学院

出　　处：《经济学家》2020年第2期61-70,共10页Economist

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“产业视角下中美贸易失衡、结构性冲击与美国对华贸易政策研究”(19BGJ045)。

摘　　要：中美贸易失衡加剧说明两国的贸易竞争力正发生变化,贸易竞争力从根本上说是产业竞争力,因此本文从产业竞争力的视角对中美贸易失衡问题进行了深入探究。研究认为:2002年以来,中国代表性产业竞争力不断增强,美国代表性产业竞争力逐步下降,两国产业竞争力的变化是中美贸易失衡问题的真正根源,而且该因素引起的失衡现象在短期内无法得到有效地逆转。美国单纯以贸易失衡的表象作为其发动贸易战的依据,忽略深层次的产业竞争力变化因素,严重夸大了中美贸易失衡对美国经济的负面影响,是实现其遏制中国意图的一种有意为之。The increasing trade imbalance between China and the United States indicates that the trade competitiveness of the two countries is changing,and trade competitiveness is fundamentally industrial competitiveness.Therefore,this article makes an in-depth study of the issue of Sino-US trade imbalance from the perspective of industrial competitiveness.According to the research,since 2002,the competitiveness of China*s representative industries has continued to increase,and the competitiveness of the representative industries of the United States has gradually decreased.Changes in the industrial competitiveness of the two countries are the real source of Sino-US Trade imbalances,and the imbalance caused by this factor cannot be effectively reversed in the short term.The United States simply uses the appearance of trade imbalances as the basis for launching a trade war,ignores the deep-seated changes in industrial competitiveness,and seriously exaggerates the negative impact of Sino-US trade imbalances on the US economy,these actions are aimed at curbing China.

关 键 词：贸易竞争力 产业竞争力 中美贸易失衡 贸易战 

分 类 号：F742[经济管理—国际贸易]